中国共产党十八届四中全会公报
Communiqué of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China
2014年10月23日
October 23, 2014
中国共产党第十八届中央委员会第四次全体会议，于2014年10月20日至23日在北京举行。
The Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) was held in Beijing from October 20 to 23, 2014.
出席这次全会的有，中央委员199人，候补中央委员164人。中央纪律检查委员会常务委员会委员和有关方面负责同志列席了会议。党的十八大代表中部分基层同志和专家学者也列席了会议。
The session was attended by 199 members and 164 alternate members of the Central Committee. Members of the Standing Committee of the CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and other leaders concerned were present at the session in a non-voting capacity, as were some community-level colleagues who had acted as delegates to the 18th National Party Congress, as well as experts and scholars.
全会由中央政治局主持。中央委员会总书记习近平作了重要讲话。
The session was presided over by the Political Bureau of the Central Committee. Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Central Committee, spoke at the session.
全会听取和讨论了习近平受中央政治局委托作的工作报告，审议通过了《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》。习近平就《决定（讨论稿）》向全会作了说明。
Participants at the session listened to and deliberated over the report on the work of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee presented by Xi Jinping on the bureau’s behalf. They also examined and approved the Resolution of the CPC Central Committee on Certain Major Issues Concerning Comprehensively Advancing the Law-Based Governance of Chinaafter Xi Jinping had presented an explanation on the draft of this resolution at the session.
全会充分肯定党的十八届三中全会以来中央政治局的工作。一致认为，党的十八届三中全会以来，国际形势错综复杂，国内改革发展任务极为繁重，中央政治局全面贯彻党的十八大和十八届一中、二中、三中全会精神，高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观为指导，深入贯彻习近平总书记系列重要讲话精神，团结带领全党全军全国各族人民，统筹国内国际两个大局，牢牢把握稳中求进工作总基调，保持战略定力，以全面深化改革推动各项工作，注重从思想上、制度上谋划涉及改革发展稳定、内政外交国防、治党治国治军的战略性、全局性、长远性问题。中央政治局适应经济发展新常态，创新宏观调控思路和方式，积极破解经济社会发展难题，着力保障和改善民生，基本完成党的群众路线教育实践活动，坚定不移反对腐败，有效应对各种风险挑战，各方面工作取得新成效，党和国家事业发展打开新局面。
Participants at the session fully affirmed the work that the Political Bureau of the Central Committee has carried out since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee. They agreed unanimously that since that third plenary session, faced with a complicated international situation and the onerous tasks of domestic reform and development, the Political Bureau has been fully implementing the guiding principles of the 18th National Party Congress and the first, second, and third plenary sessions of the 18th Central Committee; holding high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics; taking Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development as its guide; and thoroughly implementing the guiding principles from major speeches by General Secretary Xi Jinping.
It has united and led the entire Party, the whole military, and the Chinese people of all ethnic groups, undertaken coordinated planning on both the international and domestic scenes, and firmly adhered to the general work guideline of making progress while ensuring stability. It has maintained strategic composure, and has been comprehensively deepening reform to give impetus to all its work. From the perspective of both the way of thinking and institutions, it has worked hard in its planning on strategic and long-term issues as well as issues that affect the whole picture concerning reform, development, and stability; domestic and foreign affairs and national defense; and the governance of the Party, the country, and the military.
To adjust to the new normal in China’s economic development, the Political Bureau has created new ways of thinking and methods for regulating at the macro level, worked to solve problems hindering economic and social development, and strived to provide safeguards for and improve the people’s standard of living. It has also basically completed the campaign to heighten awareness of and implement the Party’s mass line, remained committed to fighting corruption, and responded effectively to all kinds of risks and challenges. It has thus made fresh progress in all its work and ushered in a new stage of development for the cause of the Party and country.
全会高度评价长期以来特别是党的十一届三中全会以来我国社会主义法治建设取得的历史性成就，研究了全面推进依法治国若干重大问题，认为全面建成小康社会、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦，全面深化改革、完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度，提高党的执政能力和执政水平，必须全面推进依法治国。
Those at the session gave a positive appraisal of the historic achievements China has made in developing socialist rule of law over the years, especially since the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee. Participants at the session examined certain major issues concerning comprehensively advancing the law-based governance of China. They maintained that it is essential to comprehensively advance the law-based governance of the country in order to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, realize the Chinese Dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, comprehensively deepen reform, improve and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics, and improve the Party’s capacity for and adeptness at governance.
全会提出，面对新形势新任务，我们党要更好统筹国内国际两个大局，更好维护和运用我国发展的重要战略机遇期，更好统筹社会力量、平衡社会利益、调节社会关系、规范社会行为，使我国社会在深刻变革中既生机勃勃又井然有序，实现经济发展、政治清明、文化昌盛、社会公正、生态良好，实现我国和平发展的战略目标，必须更好发挥法治的引领和规范作用。
It was noted at the session that, facing the new situation and new tasks, it is imperative to have the rule of law play a greater role in leading and standardizing our practices in order to help our Party to do better in conducting coordinated planning on both the international and domestic scenes; safeguarding and utilizing this important period of strategic opportunities for China’s development; and pooling together all energies of society, balancing interests in society, coordinating social relations, and standardizing social behavior, so that as Chinese society is undergoing profound changes it is both full of life and vibrancy and in good order, and so that China enjoys economic development, political integrity, cultural prosperity, social justice, and a healthy ecology, and attains its strategic goal of peaceful development.
全会强调，全面推进依法治国，必须贯彻落实党的十八大和十八届三中全会精神，高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观为指导，深入贯彻习近平总书记系列重要讲话精神，坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一，坚定不移走中国特色社会主义法治道路，坚决维护宪法法律权威，依法维护人民权益、维护社会公平正义、维护国家安全稳定，为实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦提供有力法治保障。
It was stressed at the session that in comprehensively advancing the law-based governance of the country, we must implement the guiding principles of the 18th National Party Congress and the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee; hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics; take Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development as our guide; and thoroughly implement the guiding principles from major speeches by General Secretary Xi Jinping.
We must remain committed to the integration of the leadership of the Party, the position of the people as masters of the country, and the law-based governance of the country; keep firmly to the path of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics; resolutely uphold the authority of the Constitution and laws; use the law to safeguard the rights and interests of the people, protect social equity and justice, and defend national security and stability; and thus, through the rule of law, provide a powerful guarantee for achieving the Two Centenary Goals and realizing the Chinese Dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
全会提出，全面推进依法治国，总目标是建设中国特色社会主义法治体系，建设社会主义法治国家。这就是，在中国共产党领导下，坚持中国特色社会主义制度，贯彻中国特色社会主义法治理论，形成完备的法律规范体系、高效的法治实施体系、严密的法治监督体系、有力的法治保障体系，形成完善的党内法规体系，坚持依法治国、依法执政、依法行政共同推进，坚持法治国家、法治政府、法治社会一体建设，实现科学立法、严格执法、公正司法、全民守法，促进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化。实现这个总目标，必须坚持中国共产党的领导，坚持人民主体地位，坚持法律面前人人平等，坚持依法治国和以德治国相结合，坚持从中国实际出发。
It was made clear at the session that our overall objective in comprehensively advancing the law-based governance of the country is the establishment of a socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics and the building of a socialist rule of law country. This means that under the CPC’s leadership, we need to uphold socialism with Chinese characteristics; put into practice the theory of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics; form a complete system of laws and regulations, a highly effective system to ensure the rule of law is put into effect, a stringent system to oversee the implementation of the rule of law, and a robust system to guarantee the rule of law; put in place a well-defined system of Party rules and regulations; make coordinated efforts to promote law-based governance, law-based exercise of state power, and law-based administration of government; adopt a holistic approach to the development of a rule of law country, government, and society; ensure that a scientific approach is taken to legislation, that law is enforced strictly, that justice is administered impartially, and that the law is observed by everyone; and modernize our country’s governance system and capacity for governance.
To reach this overall objective, we must adhere to the leadership of the CPC, uphold the people’s principal position in the country, ensure that everyone is equal before the law, combine the rule of law with the rule of virtue, and base all we do on the actual situation in China.
全会强调，党的领导是中国特色社会主义最本质的特征，是社会主义法治最根本的保证。把党的领导贯彻到依法治国全过程和各方面，是我国社会主义法治建设的一条基本经验。我国宪法确立了中国共产党的领导地位。坚持党的领导，是社会主义法治的根本要求，是党和国家的根本所在、命脉所在，是全国各族人民的利益所系、幸福所系，是全面推进依法治国的题中应有之义。党的领导和社会主义法治是一致的，社会主义法治必须坚持党的领导，党的领导必须依靠社会主义法治。只有在党的领导下依法治国、厉行法治，人民当家作主才能充分实现，国家和社会生活法治化才能有序推进。依法执政，既要求党依据宪法法律治国理政，也要求党依据党内法规管党治党。
It was stressed at the session that the Party’s leadership is the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the most fundamental guarantee for socialist rule of law in China. The need to exercise the Party’s leadership throughout the whole process and in every aspect of the law-based governance of the country is a basic lesson we have learned in developing socialist rule of law in China.
The position of leadership of the CPC is written into China’s Constitution. Upholding the Party’s leadership is fundamental to socialist rule of law; it is the foundation and lifeblood of both the Party and the country, affects the interests and wellbeing of people of all China’s ethnic groups, and is an integral part of our efforts to comprehensively advance the law-based governance of the country. The Party’s leadership is consistent with socialist rule of law: socialist rule of law must uphold the Party’s leadership, while the Party’s leadership must rely upon socialist rule of law.
Only through the law-based governance of China and insisting on the rule of law, both under the leadership of the Party, can we ensure that the people fully act as masters of the country, and can we steadily increase the level of rule of law in the country and in society. To exercise state power based on law, the Party not only has to govern the country in accordance with the Constitution and laws, but also has to ensure that its self-governance is in line with its own rules and regulations.
全会明确了全面推进依法治国的重大任务，这就是：完善以宪法为核心的中国特色社会主义法律体系，加强宪法实施；深入推进依法行政，加快建设法治政府；保证公正司法，提高司法公信力；增强全民法治观念，推进法治社会建设；加强法治工作队伍建设；加强和改进党对全面推进依法治国的领导。
It was made clear at the session that the major tasks of comprehensively advancing the law-based governance of the country are as follows:
· to improve the socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics, at the heart of which is the Constitution, and strengthen the implementation of the Constitution;
· to thoroughly advance the administration of government on the basis of the law and accelerate our efforts to build a rule of law government;
· to ensure judicial impartiality and improve judicial credibility;
· to strengthen the notion of the rule of law among all Chinese people and drive forward the development of a rule of law society;
· to raise the level of competence of rule of law professionals; and
· to strengthen and improve the Party’s leadership over efforts to comprehensively advance the law-based governance of the country.
全会提出，法律是治国之重器，良法是善治之前提。建设中国特色社会主义法治体系，必须坚持立法先行，发挥立法的引领和推动作用，抓住提高立法质量这个关键。要恪守以民为本、立法为民理念，贯彻社会主义核心价值观，使每一项立法都符合宪法精神、反映人民意志、得到人民拥护。要把公正、公平、公开原则贯穿立法全过程，完善立法体制机制，坚持立改废释并举，增强法律法规的及时性、系统性、针对性、有效性。坚持依法治国首先要坚持依宪治国，坚持依法执政首先要坚持依宪执政。健全宪法实施和监督制度，完善全国人大及其常委会宪法监督制度，健全宪法解释程序机制。完善立法体制，加强党对立法工作的领导，完善党对立法工作中重大问题决策的程序，健全有立法权的人大主导立法工作的体制机制，依法赋予设区的市地方立法权。深入推进科学立法、民主立法，完善立法项目征集和论证制度，健全立法机关主导、社会各方有序参与立法的途径和方式，拓宽公民有序参与立法途径。加强重点领域立法，加快完善体现权利公平、机会公平、规则公平的法律制度，保障公民人身权、财产权、基本政治权利等各项权利不受侵犯，保障公民经济、文化、社会等各方面权利得到落实。实现立法和改革决策相衔接，做到重大改革于法有据、立法主动适应改革和经济社会发展需要。
It was stated at the session that the law is an instrument of great value in the governance of a country and good laws are a prerequisite for good governance. To build a socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics, we must begin with legislation, allowing legislation to play the role of guiding and driving forward the development of rule of law, and focus on the key task of improving the quality of legislation.
We must stick scrupulously to the idea of putting the people first in legislation and making legislation for them, put into effect the core socialist values, and make sure every piece of legislation is in keeping with the spirit of the Constitution, reflects the will of the people, and is supported by them.
We need to follow the principles of justice, impartiality, and openness throughout the whole legislative process, improve our legislative systems and mechanisms, and place equal emphasis on making new laws, revising existing laws, abolishing those that are unnecessary, and interpreting laws that need clarification in order to make our legislation more up-to-date, systemic, targeted, and effective.
To uphold the law-based governance of the country, first we must adhere to the governance of the country based on the Constitution; to adhere to exercising state power on the basis of the law, first we must adhere to exercising state power on the basis of the Constitution.
We need to improve the systems for implementing the Constitution and for overseeing its implementation, refine the system by which the National People’s Congress and its standing committee exercise oversight over the implementation of the Constitution, and improve the procedures and mechanisms for interpreting the Constitution.
We need to improve the legislative system, strengthen the Party’s leadership over legislative work, improve the procedures by which the Party makes decisions on major legislative issues, improve the systems and mechanisms through which those people’s congresses with legislative power lead legislative work, and on the basis of the law, accord local legislative powers to cities which are divided into districts.
We need to work hard to legislate more effectively and democratically by improving the systems for encouraging the general public to propose items to be legislated on, and for debating legislative items; by improving channels and ways by which legislative bodies lead legislation and other sectors of society participate in an orderly manner; and by expanding the channels through which citizens participate in the legislative process.
We need to strengthen legislation in key areas, and quickly improve legal systems that ensure equal rights and interests, equal opportunities, and fair rules for all; ensure that citizens’ personal rights, property rights, basic political rights and other forms of rights are inviolable; and ensure that citizens’ economic, cultural, and social rights are respected.
We must coordinate our legislative work with our decisions on reform to make sure that all of our major reforms have a legal basis, and that legislative work is carried out proactively to meet the needs of reform, as well as economic and social development.
全会提出，法律的生命力在于实施，法律的权威也在于实施。各级政府必须坚持在党的领导下、在法治轨道上开展工作，加快建设职能科学、权责法定、执法严明、公开公正、廉洁高效、守法诚信的法治政府。依法全面履行政府职能，推进机构、职能、权限、程序、责任法定化，推行政府权力清单制度。健全依法决策机制，把公众参与、专家论证、风险评估、合法性审查、集体讨论决定确定为重大行政决策法定程序，建立行政机关内部重大决策合法性审查机制，建立重大决策终身责任追究制度及责任倒查机制。深化行政执法体制改革，健全行政执法和刑事司法衔接机制。坚持严格规范公正文明执法，依法惩处各类违法行为，加大关系群众切身利益的重点领域执法力度，建立健全行政裁量权基准制度，全面落实行政执法责任制。强化对行政权力的制约和监督，完善纠错问责机制。全面推进政务公开，坚持以公开为常态、不公开为例外原则，推进决策公开、执行公开、管理公开、服务公开、结果公开。
It was pointed out at the session that the very life and authority of the law lie in its implementation. Governments at all levels must carry out their work under the Party’s leadership and in line with the rule of law, and move more quickly to become rule of law governments which have well-defined functions and legal powers and responsibilities, ensure that the law is strictly administered, are open and impartial, operate efficiently and free from corruption, and are more credible and law-abiding. The government must exercise all its functions in accordance with the law; work to codify its structure, functions, powers, procedures, and responsibilities into law; and exercise powers that are clearly defined.
We must improve law-based decision-making mechanisms; include public participation, expert evaluation, risk assessment, legality review, and collective discussion and decision making into the legal procedures for making major administrative decisions; and establish a mechanism for administrative agencies to review the legality of their major decisions, a lifelong accountability system for major decisions, and a mechanism to hold people accountable retrospectively for their decisions.
We must deepen structural reform in law enforcement by administrative agencies and improve the mechanism for coordinating administrative enforcement of law with the administration of criminal justice.
We must ensure that law is administered in a strict, standardized, impartial, and civil manner; punish all types of illegal behavior in accordance with the law; intensify law enforcement in key areas involving people’s immediate interests; establish a sound system of administrative discretion standards; and fully implement the accountability system for law enforcement by administrative agencies.
We must strengthen limits on administrative powers and increase oversight of the exercise of these powers, and improve remedial and accountability mechanisms. We must build transparency into government work across the board, uphold the principle of always remaining transparent other than in exceptional cases, and ensure that decisionmaking, implementation, management, services, and outcomes are all open to the public.
全会提出，公正是法治的生命线。司法公正对社会公正具有重要引领作用，司法不公对社会公正具有致命破坏作用。必须完善司法管理体制和司法权力运行机制，规范司法行为，加强对司法活动的监督，努力让人民群众在每一个司法案件中感受到公平正义。完善确保依法独立公正行使审判权和检察权的制度，建立领导干部干预司法活动、插手具体案件处理的记录、通报和责任追究制度，建立健全司法人员履行法定职责保护机制。优化司法职权配置，推动实行审判权和执行权相分离的体制改革试点，最高人民法院设立巡回法庭，探索设立跨行政区划的人民法院和人民检察院，探索建立检察机关提起公益诉讼制度。推进严格司法，坚持以事实为根据、以法律为准绳，推进以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革，实行办案质量终身负责制和错案责任倒查问责制。保障人民群众参与司法，在司法调解、司法听证、涉诉信访等司法活动中保障人民群众参与，完善人民陪审员制度，构建开放、动态、透明、便民的阳光司法机制。加强人权司法保障。加强对司法活动的监督，完善检察机关行使监督权的法律制度，加强对刑事诉讼、民事诉讼、行政诉讼的法律监督，完善人民监督员制度，绝不允许法外开恩，绝不允许办关系案、人情案、金钱案。
It was stated at the session that justice is the lifeblood of the rule of law. Judicial justice greatly encourages social justice, while judicial injustice cripples it. We must improve the system for managing the judiciary and the mechanisms for the exercise of judicial powers, standardize judicial behavior, tighten oversight of judicial activities, and make every effort to ensure that the people feel justice is served in every case that comes before the court.
We must improve the system for ensuring independent and impartial exercise of judicial and procuratorial powers in accordance with the law; develop a system of record keeping, reporting, and accountability to deal with intervention in judicial activities by officials, especially in the handling of cases; and establish a sound mechanism for protecting judicial officers in performing their legally mandated duties.
We must improve the allocation of judicial functions and powers, carry out pilot reforms in separating judicial from executive power, establish circuit courts under the Supreme People’s Court, explore the establishment of people’s courts and people’s procuratorates whose jurisdiction extends beyond administrative divisions, and search for ways to build a system of procuratorates handling public interest litigation.
We must press ahead with the strict administration of justice; remain committed to carrying out judgment on the basis of facts and law; implement reform of the litigation process focusing on courtroom hearings; and adopt a lifelong accountability system to guarantee the quality handling of cases and a system to retrospectively hold judges accountable for erroneous rulings.
We must guarantee the people’s participation in the administration of justice, particularly in judicial mediation, judicial hearings, and complaints about litigation-related issues filed through letters and visits; improve the system of people’s assessors; and create a mechanism that keeps the judiciary “in the sunshine,” making it open, dynamic, transparent, and convenient for the public to access.
We must provide stronger judicial protection of human rights. We must tighten oversight of judicial activities; improve the legislation regarding the exercise of supervisory power by procuratorates; increase legal oversight of criminal, civil, and administrative litigation; improve the system of people’s supervisors; and make it absolutely impermissible to show leniency beyond the law, or handle any case which is in any way influenced by guanxi, personal favors, or money.
全会提出，法律的权威源自人民的内心拥护和真诚信仰。人民权益要靠法律保障，法律权威要靠人民维护。必须弘扬社会主义法治精神，建设社会主义法治文化，增强全社会厉行法治的积极性和主动性，形成守法光荣、违法可耻的社会氛围，使全体人民都成为社会主义法治的忠实崇尚者、自觉遵守者、坚定捍卫者。推动全社会树立法治意识，深入开展法治宣传教育，把法治教育纳入国民教育体系和精神文明创建内容。推进多层次多领域依法治理，坚持系统治理、依法治理、综合治理、源头治理，深化基层组织和部门、行业依法治理，支持各类社会主体自我约束、自我管理，发挥市民公约、乡规民约、行业规章、团体章程等社会规范在社会治理中的积极作用。建设完备的法律服务体系，推进覆盖城乡居民的公共法律服务体系建设，完善法律援助制度，健全司法救助体系。健全依法维权和化解纠纷机制，建立健全社会矛盾预警机制、利益表达机制、协商沟通机制、救济救助机制，畅通群众利益协调、权益保障法律渠道。完善立体化社会治安防控体系，保障人民生命财产安全。
It was also stated at the session that the authority of the law comes from the people’s heartfelt support for and faith in it. People’s rights and interests need to be safeguarded by the law, and the authority of the law needs to be upheld by the people. We must promote the socialist rule of law, develop a socialist rule of law culture, encourage all members of society to show greater enthusiasm for and initiative in promoting the rule of law, and create an atmosphere in which people feel it is honorable to abide by the law while disgraceful to break the law, so that all our people will faithfully advocate, consciously observe, and firmly safeguard the socialist rule of law.
We need to help all of society to develop awareness about the rule of law, intensify publicity and education in this regard, and incorporate such education into the national education system and our initiatives on cultural and ethical progress.
We need to advance law-based governance at multiple levels and in different sectors; remain committed to practicing systemic governance, law-based governance, comprehensive governance, and governance that addresses the root causes of problems; intensify law-based governance in community-level organizations, as well as government departments and industries; support all kinds of entities in exercising self-restraint and self-management; and make use of the positive role that codes of conduct for citizens, industry rules and regulations, charters of organizations, and other social norms can play in social governance.
We need to establish a complete system of legal services, develop the public legal service system for both urban and rural populations, and improve the systems of legal aid and judicial assistance. We need to improve the mechanisms for people to defend their rights and resolve their disputes in accordance with the law; establish sound mechanisms for giving early warning about social conflicts, for allowing people to express their interests, for carrying out negotiation and communication, and for providing legal remedies and assistance; and open up legal channels for coordinating interests among the people and for protecting their rights and interests. We need to improve the multi-dimensional system for crime prevention and control, and protect the life and property of the people.
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全会提出，全面推进依法治国，必须大力提高法治工作队伍思想政治素质、业务工作能力、职业道德水准，着力建设一支忠于党、忠于国家、忠于人民、忠于法律的社会主义法治工作队伍。建设高素质法治专门队伍，把思想政治建设摆在首位，加强立法队伍、行政执法队伍、司法队伍建设，畅通立法、执法、司法部门干部和人才相互之间以及与其他部门具备条件的干部和人才交流渠道，推进法治专门队伍正规化、专业化、职业化，完善法律职业准入制度，建立从符合条件的律师、法学专家中招录立法工作者、法官、检察官制度，健全从政法专业毕业生中招录人才的规范便捷机制，完善职业保障体系。加强法律服务队伍建设，增强广大律师走中国特色社会主义法治道路的自觉性和坚定性，构建社会律师、公职律师、公司律师等优势互补、结构合理的律师队伍。创新法治人才培养机制，形成完善的中国特色社会主义法学理论体系、学科体系、课程体系，推动中国特色社会主义法治理论进教材进课堂进头脑，培养造就熟悉和坚持中国特色社会主义法治体系的法治人才及后备力量。
It was put forward at the session that to comprehensively advance the law-based governance of the country, we must channel great energy into raising the levels of political integrity and professional competence and ethics of the rule of law professionals, and strive to develop a contingent of professionals devoted to the socialist rule of law and loyal to the Party, the country, the people, and the law.
To build a contingent of highly competent rule of law professionals, we need to give top priority to strengthening their political integrity; improve the competence of those who work for the legislation, administrative enforcement of law, and the judiciary; open channels for the legislature, the law enforcement authorities, and the judiciary to transfer their officials and personnel among themselves, and to give a place to eligible officials and personnel from other sectors; increase the levels of standardization, specialization, and professionalism among rule of law professionals; improve the system for certifying legal professionals; establish a system for recruiting eligible lawyers and legal experts into the ranks of legislators, judges, and public procurators; build a more standardized and convenient mechanism for recruiting university graduates majoring in law; and improve the system of job security for rule of law professionals.
We need to raise the level of competence of legal service providers, prompt lawyers to become more self-motivated and resolute in following the path of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics, and build a well-mixed contingent of private, government, and corporate lawyers who complement each other’s strengths.
We need to make innovations in the mechanisms for training rule of law professionals; form complete theoretical and disciplinary systems, as well as curriculums for socialist legal studies with Chinese characteristics; and incorporate the theory of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics into our textbooks, bringing it into our classrooms, and drumming it into our students, thereby cultivating cohorts of talented professionals for today and for the future, who are proficient in and adhere to the system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics.
全会强调，党的领导是全面推进依法治国、加快建设社会主义法治国家最根本的保证。必须加强和改进党对法治工作的领导，把党的领导贯彻到全面推进依法治国全过程。坚持依法执政，各级领导干部要带头遵守法律，带头依法办事，不得违法行使权力，更不能以言代法、以权压法、徇私枉法。健全党领导依法治国的制度和工作机制，完善保证党确定依法治国方针政策和决策部署的工作机制和程序，加强对全面推进依法治国统一领导、统一部署、统筹协调，完善党委依法决策机制。各级人大、政府、政协、审判机关、检察机关的党组织要领导和监督本单位模范遵守宪法法律，坚决查处执法犯法、违法用权等行为。加强党内法规制度建设，完善党内法规制定体制机制，形成配套完备的党内法规制度体系，运用党内法规把党要管党、从严治党落到实处，促进党员、干部带头遵守国家法律法规。提高党员干部法治思维和依法办事能力，把法治建设成效作为衡量各级领导班子和领导干部工作实绩重要内容、纳入政绩考核指标体系，把能不能遵守法律、依法办事作为考察干部重要内容。推进基层治理法治化，发挥基层党组织在全面推进依法治国中的战斗堡垒作用，建立重心下移、力量下沉的法治工作机制。深入推进依法治军、从严治军，紧紧围绕党在新形势下的强军目标，构建完善的中国特色军事法治体系，提高国防和军队建设法治化水平。依法保障“一国两制”实践和推进祖国统一，保持香港、澳门长期繁荣稳定，推进祖国和平统一，依法保护港澳同胞、台湾同胞权益。加强涉外法律工作，运用法律手段维护我国主权、安全、发展利益，维护我国公民、法人在海外及外国公民、法人在我国的正当权益。
It was highlighted at the session that the leadership of the Party provides the most fundamental guarantee for comprehensively advancing the law-based governance of China and accelerating the development of a socialist rule of law country. We must strengthen and improve the leadership of the Party over work pertaining to the rule of law, and put the Party’s leadership into effect throughout the whole process of comprehensively advancing the law-based governance of the country. In adhering to the law-based exercise of state power, officials at all levels should set an example in observing the law and working in accordance with the law, and must not behave in a way that is contrary to the law in exercising power. It is even more imperative that they do not override the law by fiat, place their power above the authority of the law, or bend the law for personal gain.
We need to strengthen institutions and work mechanisms for the law-based governance of China under the leadership of the Party; improve work mechanisms and procedures to ensure that the Party formulates principles, policies, and plans for the law-based governance of the country; strengthen unified leadership, unified planning, and overall coordination for comprehensively advancing the law-based governance of the country; and improve the mechanism by which Party committees make decisions in accordance with the law. Party organizations within the people’s congresses, governments, committees of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, judicial bodies, and procuratorial bodies at all levels need to exercise leadership and oversight of their respective organizations to ensure that they play an exemplary role in obeying the Constitution and laws, and to resolutely investigate and punish those who break the law while they should be enforcing it and those who use their power in a way contrary to the law.
We need to strengthen Party rules and regulations, improve the systems and mechanisms for their formulation, and create a complete system of Party rules and regulations. We need to use these rules and regulations to fully implement the principle of the Party supervising its own conduct and practicing strict self-governance, and encourage Party members and officials to take the lead in abiding by state laws and regulations.
We need to make Party members and officials better able to think in terms of the rule of law and to carry out their work in accordance with the law, incorporate progress made in building rule of law into the appraisal system as an important measure of the performance of leading bodies and leading officials at all levels, and make legal compliance and acting in accordance with the law an important component of the assessment of officials.
We need to increase the level of rule of law in community-level governance, make use of the principal role of Party organizations at the community level in comprehensively advancing the law-based governance of the country, and establish law-based work mechanisms with the focus of the work and main efforts shifted closer to the community.
We need to intensify our efforts to practice law-based, strict governance of the armed forces, build a sound law-based military system with Chinese characteristics, and increase the level of rule of law in the development of national defense and the armed forces in order to achieve the Party’s goal of strengthening the military under the new conditions.
We must, in accordance with the law, safeguard the practice of “one country, two systems,” promote the reunification of our country, ensure that Hong Kong and Macao enjoy lasting prosperity and stability, push forward with the peaceful reunification of our country, and protect the rights and interests of our fellow countrymen and countrywomen in Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan.
We need to improve our work concerning foreign-related laws, use legal means to safeguard our country’s sovereignty, security, and development interests, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese citizens and legal persons overseas and foreign citizens and legal persons in China.
全会分析了当前形势和任务，强调全党同志要把思想和行动统一到中央关于全面深化改革、全面推进依法治国重大决策部署上来，审时度势、居安思危，既要有抓住和用好重要战略机遇期推进改革发展的战略定力，又要敏锐把握国内外环境的变化，以钉钉子精神，继续做好保持经济持续健康发展工作，继续做好改善和保障民生特别是帮扶困难群众工作，继续做好作风整改工作，继续做好从严治党工作，继续做好保持社会和谐稳定工作，为明年开局打好基础。
The current situation and tasks were analyzed at the session and it was stressed that all Party members should think and act in line with the major decisions and plans of the Central Committee concerning comprehensively deepening reform and advancing the law-based governance of China, read the situation as it develops, maintain a state of vigilance, have the strategic resolve to seize and make the most of this important period of strategic opportunities to promote reform and development, and show incisiveness in observing changes taking place at home and abroad. With a spirit of perseverance, all Party members should continue to spur on the sustained, healthy development of the economy, improve and provide safeguards for the standard of living of our people with an emphasis on aiding people in need, rectify problems in conduct, exercise strict governance of the Party, and maintain social harmony and stability in a bid to lay down a solid foundation for a good start next year.
全会按照党章规定，决定递补中央委员会候补委员马建堂、王作安、毛万春为中央委员会委员。
It was decided at the session, in line with the Party Constitution, to appoint Ma Jiantang, Wang Zuo’an, and Mao Wanchun, alternate members of the CPC Central Committee, to become full members of the Central Committee.
全会审议并通过了中共中央纪律检查委员会关于李东生、蒋洁敏、王永春、李春城、万庆良严重违纪问题的审查报告，审议并通过了中共中央军事委员会纪律检查委员会关于杨金山严重违纪问题的审查报告，确认中央政治局之前作出的给予李东生、蒋洁敏、杨金山、王永春、李春城、万庆良开除党籍的处分。
Participants at the session deliberated over and approved a report of the CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection on the serious breaches of discipline by Li Dongsheng, Jiang Jiemin, Wang Yongchun, Li Chuncheng, and Wan Qingliang, and a report of the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC Central Military Commission on the serious breaches of discipline by Yang Jinshan. They endorsed the decision, made by the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, to expel Li Dongsheng, Jiang Jiemin, Yang Jinshan, Wang Yongchun, Li Chuncheng, and Wan Qingliang from the Party.
全会号召，全党同志和全国各族人民紧密团结在以习近平同志为总书记的党中央周围，高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，积极投身全面推进依法治国伟大实践，开拓进取，扎实工作，为建设法治中国而奋斗！
All CPC members and the people of all China’s ethnic groups were called upon at the session to closely unite around the Party Central Committee, with Xi Jinping as General Secretary, hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, devote themselves to the great endeavor of comprehensively advancing the law-based governance of China, press ahead with a pioneering spirit, work in a pragmatic fashion, and strive to build China into a rule of law country.
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来源：中央编译局
心译翻译工作室
