在第九届东亚峰会上的发言
Remarks at the Ninth East Asia Summit
中华人民共和国国务院总理 李克强
H.E. Li Keqiang Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China
2014年11月13日，缅甸内比都
Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar, 13 November 2014
尊敬的吴登盛总统，
各位同事：
Your Excellency President Thein Sein,
Dear Colleagues,
很高兴出席第九届东亚峰会，与各位同事共商东亚和平发展合作之道。感谢吴登盛总统和缅甸政府为会议所做的精心准备和周到安排。
It is a great pleasure to attend the Ninth East Asia Summit (EAS) and explore with you plans for peace, development and cooperation in East Asia. I thank you President Thein Sein and the Myanmar government for your thorough preparations and thoughtful arrangements for the summit.
东亚历史悠久，人口众多，不同民族、宗教和文化多样并存、交流互鉴，创造了独具特色的东亚文明，为人类发展进步事业作出重要贡献。从上世纪七八十年代开始，东亚迅速崛起，成为全球发展最快、最富活力的地区。近年来，东亚国家同舟共济，克服国际金融危机影响，保持地区稳定和经济增长势头，继续为世界繁荣发展作出贡献。
East Asia has a time-honored history and a big population. Diverse nations, religions and cultures have created a civilization distinctive of East Asia through interactions and mutual learning, making significant contribution to human progress. Since the 1970s and 1980s, East Asia has risen rapidly and become the fastest growing and most dynamic region in the world. In recent years, East Asian countries have overcome the impact of the international financial crisis by sticking together in difficult times and maintained regional stability and the momentum of growth, further contributing to world prosperity and development.
东亚得以快速发展，根本原因在于有一个和平稳定的地区环境。东亚国家都是地区和平的直接受益者，也应当成为地区稳定的坚定维护者，各方应通过和平方式妥善解决有关争端，走世代友好、合作共赢之路。东亚国家经济互补性强、合作潜力大，你中有我、我中有你，各方应深入推进地区经济一体化，实现融合发展、共同繁荣。东亚国家陆海相连、文化相通，有患难与共、守望相助的传统，各方应真诚理性地看待彼此利益关切，致力于包容互敬、和睦共处。
A fundamental reason of East Asia’s rapid development is the existence of a peaceful and stable regional environment. East Asian countries, as direct beneficiaries of regional peace, should firmly safeguard regional stability. Parties should properly address disputes through peaceful means and pursue lasting friendship and win-win cooperation. East Asian countries, highly complementary economically, have a huge potential of cooperation. Parties, with their interests inextricably linked, should deepen regional economic integration and strive for integrated development and common prosperity. East Asian countries are connected by shared land and sea borders and cultural affinity. They cherish a fine tradition of sticking together in thick and thin and helping one another in time of need. Parties should adopt a rational and sincere approach in perceiving each other’s interests and concerns and work in a spirit of inclusiveness and mutual respect for harmonious co-existence.
当前，国际形势正处于复杂变化之中，世界经济复苏进程缓慢，局部冲突和地区热点此起彼伏，恐怖主义、公共卫生事件等成为国际社会共同威胁。我们更应该珍视东亚来之不易的良好局面，把握好政治安全和经济发展“两个轮子一起转”的大方向，促进地区和平安定，积极应对全球性挑战，深化经济社会等领域合作，为建设一个和平与繁荣的东亚地区而努力。
The international situation is going through complex changes, world economic recovery remains a slow process, local conflicts and regional hot spot issues keep flaring up, and terrorism and public health incidents have posed common threats to the international community. Against such a backdrop, we should more than ever cherish the sound situation of development in the region, which has not come easily, and strive for progress in both the political and security field and economic field. We should promote regional peace and stability, actively respond to global challenges, deepen cooperation in economic and social areas, and work hard to build a peaceful and prosperous East Asia.
关于政治安全问题，关键是维护东亚的和平稳定。
Regarding political and security issues, the key is to maintain peace and stability in the region.
东亚稳定发展的局面，是东亚各国人民共同努力的结果，中国也作出了应有的贡献。中国始终是东亚地区和平稳定的重要力量。中国还是一个发展中国家，实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标，需要有一个长期和平稳定的国际和周边环境。我们坚定不移地走和平发展道路，这是由中国的历史文化传统和实现现代化这个现实根本利益所决定的，绝不因任何外界干扰或质疑而改变。中国坚持与邻为善、以邻为伴是真诚一贯的，希望以自身发展带动地区、惠及周边是发自内心的。中国坚定支持东盟明年建成政治安全、经济、社会文化共同体，为地区稳定发展发挥积极作用。中国愿与地区国家一道，建设亚洲利益共同体、责任共同体和命运共同体。
The stability and development which East Asia enjoys is attributable to the joint efforts of the people of East Asian countries, in which China has also played a due part. China has always acted as an important force for peace and stability in the region. And China, which remains a developing country, needs a long-term, peaceful and stable international and neighboring environment as it endeavors to achieve the two centenary goals, namely, to complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the centenary of the Communist Party of China, and to turn China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious by the centenary of the People’s Republic of China. We are firmly committed to the path of peaceful development. This is determined both by our history and cultural tradition and by our immediate fundamental interest of achieving modernization, and shall remain unchanged regardless of outside interference or suspicion. China’s policy of building friendship and partnership with its neighbors is sincere and consistent, and its wish to bring benefits to the region and its neighbors through its development is genuine. China firmly supports ASEAN in establishing the ASEAN Community next year comprising the three pillars of Political-Security Community, Economic Community and Socio-Cultural Community so as to play a positive role for regional stability and development. China is ready to work with other countries in the region to build an Asian community of shared interests, shared responsibilities and a shared destiny.
东亚的长治久安需要有坚实的制度安排。中方正与东盟国家商讨签署“睦邻友好合作条约”，就是为双方世代和平共处提供制度框架和法律保障。中国是首个加入《东南亚友好合作条约》的东盟对话伙伴，也愿成为首个与东盟签署友好合作条约的对话伙伴。中国和东盟国家都需要和平稳定，任何冲突都不符合本地区人民的共同利益。中国维护领土主权的意志是明确的，维护地区和平稳定的决心也是坚定的。中国愿以商签此条约为契机，与更多地区国家探讨达成睦邻友好法律文件，推动实现东亚持久和平。明年中国愿主办中国-东盟国防部长非正式会晤，探讨建立中国-东盟防务热线，并加强防务安全合作。中方倡导“共同、综合、合作和可持续”的亚洲安全观，欢迎俄罗斯、印尼、印度等提出的地区安全合作原则倡议，建议峰会共同就相关安全合作理念和原则深入探讨，积累共识，为地区安全稳定做出努力。
To achieve durable peace and stability in East Asia requires the backing of strong institutional arrangements. China and ASEAN countries are discussing the possibility of concluding a treaty on good-neighborliness, friendship and cooperation, which is aimed at providing an institutional framework and legal guarantee for peaceful co-existence between the two sides from generation to generation. China was the first ASEAN dialogue partner to accede to the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia, and it stands ready to become the first dialogue partner to sign with ASEAN a treaty of friendship and cooperation. Both China and ASEAN countries need peace and stability, as conflicts do not serve the common interests of people in this region. China’s resolve to safeguard territorial sovereignty is clear and its determination to uphold regional peace and stability is firm. China is ready to take the negotiations on signing the treaty as an opportunity to explore the conclusion of legal documents on good-neighborliness with more countries in the region with a view to achieving lasting peace in East Asia. China will be happy to host an Informal ASEAN-China Defense Ministers’ Meeting next year, and explore the possibility of opening a defense hotline to enhance defense and security cooperation. China advocates an Asian security concept that features common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security and welcomes initiatives on regional security cooperation principles as proposed by Russia, Indonesia and India. China proposes that the EAS conduct in-depth discussions on the outlook and principles for security cooperation in order to build consensus and make joint efforts to ensure security and stability in the region.
南海形势总体是稳定的，航行自由和安全也是有保障的。今年以来，中国与东盟国家就全面有效落实《南海各方行为宣言》、推进海上务实合作，进行了密切有效的对话与沟通。我们明确了处理南海问题“双轨思路”，即有关具体争议由直接当事国在尊重历史事实和国际法基础上，通过谈判协商和平解决，南海和平稳定由中国和东盟国家共同加以维护。我们同意积极开展磋商，在协商一致基础上早日达成“南海行为准则”。这方面已经取得了早期收获。我们同意在各国海事部门间建立海上联合搜救热线平台，在外交部门间建立应对海上紧急事态高官热线。各方还在探讨建立南海沿岸国之间的各种交流合作机制。在寻求解决争议的过程中，中方倡议有关国家积极探讨共同开发，这也是管控分歧现实有效的办法。邻国是不能选择的，彼此长相往来，低头不见抬头见，磕磕碰碰在所难免。中国古训说“里仁为美”，只要我们始终秉持以诚相待、求同存异之心，就没有迈不过去的坎，爬不过去的坡。
The situation in the South China Sea is on the whole stable, and the freedom and safety of navigation in the South China Sea is ensured. Since the beginning of this year, China and ASEAN countries have conducted close and effective dialogue and communication on full and effective implementation of the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea (DOC) and on promoting practical maritime cooperation. We identified the dual-track approach for dealing with the South China Sea issue, according to which specific disputes are to be peacefully resolved through negotiation and consultation by countries directly concerned on the basis of respecting historical facts and international law, and peace and stability in the South China Sea be jointly upheld by China and ASEAN countries working together. We agreed to actively carry out consultation to reach, on the basis of consensus and at an early date, a code of conduct in the South China Sea, for which early harvest has been achieved. We agreed to establish a hotline platform for joint search and rescue at sea among our maritime authorities as well as a senior officials’ hotline among foreign ministries of various countries for coping with maritime contingencies. In addition, parties concerned are exploring the establishment of various mechanisms of exchanges and cooperation among littoral states of the South China Sea. In seeking the settlement of disputes, China proposes that relevant countries actively explore joint development, as this is a realistic and effective way to manage differences. Neighbors are not something to be chosen. Frictions and even disputes are hardly avoidable in the interactions of neighbors. The ancient Chinese believed in harmony with neighbors. I believe that as long as we treat each other with sincerity and seek common ground while reserving differences, there would be no insurmountable obstacles that will stand in our way.
妥善处理朝鲜半岛核问题，事关东北亚乃至整个亚洲地区的和平稳定大局。中方主张朝鲜半岛无核化，维护半岛和东北亚长期和平稳定，支持各方继续通过对话协商和平解决分歧。中国坚定支持东盟国家建立东南亚无核武器区的努力，已与东盟就签署《东南亚无核武器区条约》议定书达成一致。我们希望东盟与其他四个有核国加紧协商，争取早日签署有关议定书。
To properly handle the nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula concerns peace and stability in Northeast Asia and the whole of Asia. China stands for denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula and for the interest of long-term peace and stability of the Peninsula and Northeast Asia, and China supports various countries in their continued commitment to peacefully settling the differences through dialogue and consultation. China firmly supports ASEAN countries’ efforts to build a nuclear-weapon-free zone in Southeast Asia and has reached agreement with ASEAN on signing the Protocol to the Southeast Asia Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treaty. We hope that ASEAN could step up consultation with the other four nuclear-weapon states so as to sign the protocol at an early date.
恐怖主义、传染性疫病、气候变化、灾害管理等非传统安全问题是国际社会面临的严峻挑战。缅甸作为东盟轮值主席国，提议将上述问题作为本次会议提示性议题，我们对此表示欢迎。中方支持峰会就此发表宣言或声明，显示成员国携手应对挑战的决心。中国从自身需要出发，从中国作为发展中大国应尽的责任考虑，将努力应对气候变化，在履行节能减排目标上言必信，行必果。中国政府向埃博拉疫区提供了价值约7.5亿元人民币的紧急援助，现有300多名专家和医护人员在疫区参加疫情防控和救治工作。我们还将增派医护人员，增加物资支持，帮助疫区国家更好开展防疫工作。中方正在筹建“东亚应对气候变化区域研究与合作中心”，将与湄公河流域国家共同构建“青蒿素类疟疾治疗药物抗药性流域联防机制与响应体系”，继续与有关国家联合举办地震和海上搜救演练，推动东亚非传统安全领域合作。
Nontraditional security issues, including terrorism, infectious diseases, climate change and disaster management, pose severe challenges to the international community. China welcomes the inclusion as proposed by Myanmar, the rotating chair of ASEAN, of these issues as indicative topics of this summit. China supports the summit in issuing a declaration or statement on these issues to display the resolve of member countries to jointly address these challenges. Based on its own needs and to honor its due responsibility as a major developing country, China will work hard to address climate change and deliver on its commitments in meeting the targets of energy conservation and emissions reduction. The Chinese government has provided emergency assistance with a total worth of about RMB750 million to regions hit by the Ebola epidemic. Right now, over 300 Chinese experts and medical personnel are working in these regions for epidemic prevention, control and relief, and we will send more medical staff and give more material assistance to countries in these regions to help with epidemic prevention. China is preparing for the establishment of the East Asia Center for Climate Change Response and International Cooperation. It will work with countries in the Mekong subregion to set up a joint control and response system of resistance to artemisinin-based anti-malarial drugs in the Mekong subregion, and will continue to hold joint exercises for earthquake and maritime search and rescue with relevant countries, so as to step up cooperation in nontraditional security areas in East Asia.
关于发展合作问题，关键是促进东亚经济一体化。
Regarding development cooperation, the key is to advance East Asian economic integration.
中国作为世界主要经济体之一，在今后相当长时间仍然是发展中国家，实现现代化还有很长的路要走。东亚地区仍有不少发展中国家，发展仍然是东亚国家的首要任务。中国同东盟国家的发展互为机遇。东亚峰会应将《落实<金边发展宣言>行动计划》作为未来合作指导文件，推动六个重点领域合作，努力促进东亚经济一体化。
China, a major economy in the world, will remain a developing country for a long period to come and there is a long way to go before China becomes modernized. Likewise, many countries in East Asia are developing countries, and development remains the top priority of countries in this region. The development of China and ASEAN countries offers each other opportunities. The EAS should take the Plan of Action to Implement the Phnom Penh Declaration on the East Asia Summit Development Initiative as the guiding document for future cooperation, and take measures to promote cooperation in the following six key areas so as to advance East Asian economic integration.
——推动东亚贸易投资便利化。中国与东盟自2002年启动自贸区谈判以来，双边贸易增长了8倍，东盟十国的人均GDP增长了2倍多，中国连续5年是东盟最大贸易伙伴，东盟已成为中国第3大贸易伙伴。双方正在努力争取中国-东盟自贸区升级版谈判尽快完成，中方愿以准入前国民待遇加负面清单模式开展投资协定谈判。中方将在未来3年提供3000万元人民币支持双方经济技术合作。中国主张贸易自由化，致力于建设公平竞争的市场环境和法律环境。中方愿与各方一道，力争区域全面经济伙伴关系协定（RCEP）在2015年底前结束谈判。我们高兴地看到，在刚刚闭幕的北京APEC领导人非正式会议上，与会各方都支持启动亚太自贸区（FTAAP）倡议。中方对跨太平洋经济伙伴关系协定（TPP）谈判持开放态度。各种自贸安排都可为构建公平自由的国际和地区贸易秩序发挥积极作用。
– Promote trade and investment facilitation in East Asia. Since China and ASEAN started FTA negotiations in 2002, trade between the two sides has grown by eight times and per capita GDP of the ten ASEAN countries has more than tripled. China has been ASEAN’s biggest trading partner for five consecutive years and ASEAN has become China’s third largest trading partner. The two sides are working hard to complete, as early as possible, negotiations on an upgraded version of the China-ASEAN FTA. China is willing to take part in negotiations on investment treaties under the pre-establishment national treatment plus the negative list model. It will set aside RMB 30 million in the next three years to support economic and technical cooperation between the two sides. China stands for trade liberalization and is committed to building a market and legal environment conducive to fair competition. It will work with other parties to conclude negotiations on the RCEP (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership) before the end of 2015 and we are happy to see that parties attending the just-concluded APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting in Beijing all supported starting the initiative of an FTAAP (Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific). China is open to negotiations on the TPP (Trans-Pacific Partnership). In our view, various FTA arrangements can play a positive role in fostering a just and free international and regional trade order.
——加快东亚互联互通。中方提出建设丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路的倡议，就是要加强传统陆海丝绸之路沿线国家互联互通。正在筹建的亚洲基础设施投资银行，秉持开放包容理念，与亚行、世行等现有机构形成互补，着力解决地区基础设施建设融资难问题。中方已宣布成立丝路基金，优先支持基础设施建设。中方将向东盟国家提供100亿美元优惠性质贷款，并启动中国-东盟投资合作基金二期30亿美元的募集。中国国家开发银行还将设立100亿美元的中国-东盟基础设施专项贷款。这些举措都有助于加快地区互联互通建设。
– Accelerate connectivity in East Asia. The initiatives put forward by China to build the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road are aimed at strengthening connectivity among countries along the ancient land and maritime Silk Roads. The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank that is under preparations should follow the principle of openness and inclusiveness, act as a complement to the Asian Development Bank, the World Bank and other existing institutions, and focus on financing regional infrastructure development. China has announced the establishment of the Silk Road Fund, and will support infrastructure construction on a priority basis. China will provide US$ 10 billion of preferential loans to ASEAN countries and will start the raising of US$3 billion for the second phase of the China-ASEAN Investment Cooperation Fund. The China Development Bank will set up a US$ 10 billion special loan for China-ASEAN infrastructure development. All these measures will help speed up the building of regional connectivity.
——扩大东亚金融合作。为避免东亚发生较大金融动荡，我们应加强财金合作，尤其是完善清迈倡议多边化机制安排，为地区短期流动性困难提供有效解决方案。应充分发挥10+3宏观经济研究办公室作用，提高区域金融监管协调与预警能力。各国还应扩大本币互换和跨境贸易本币结算规模，为贸易往来提供金融便利和支持。
– Expand financial cooperation in East Asia. To prevent major financial turbulence from happening in this region, we need to strengthen financial and fiscal cooperation with a special focus on improving the CMIM (Chiang Mai Initiative Multilateralization) which will effectively relieve regional short-term liquidity strains. We need to fully leverage the role of AMRO (ASEAN+3 Macroeconomic Research Office) and enhance the regional capacity for financial supervision, coordination and early warning. Countries also need to increase the size of local currency swap arrangements and settlement of cross-border trade in local currencies so as to provide financial facilitation and support for trade.
——加强东亚减贫合作。消除贫困仍然是东亚发展的重要任务之一。中方将在10+3会议上提出“东亚减贫合作倡议”，愿出资1亿元人民币开展乡村减贫推进计划。中方明年将向东盟欠发达国家提供30亿元人民币无偿援助。中方愿在中国-东盟合作框架下，探讨建立澜沧江-湄公河流域国家对话合作机制，支持东盟缩小发展差距的努力。地区国家可用好10+3大米紧急储备机制，应对突发粮食安全问题。
– Step up poverty reduction cooperation in East Asia. Poverty elimination remains a priority for East Asia to achieve development. China will put forward, at this year’s ASEAN Plus Three Summit, the East Asia Cooperation Initiative on Poverty Reduction, and will offer RMB100 million for rural poverty reduction projects. China will provide RMB 3 billion of free assistance to less-developed ASEAN countries next year. China is ready to discuss the possibility of establishing a dialogue and cooperation mechanism for Lancang-Mekong River countries under the framework of China-ASEAN cooperation to help ASEAN narrow the development gap. Countries in the region may make good use of the APTERR (ASEAN Plus Three Emergency Rice Reserve) mechanism to respond to food security emergencies.
——推进东亚海上合作。明年是中国-东盟海洋合作年，双方可探讨举办包括相关国家海洋部长出席的海洋合作论坛，加强海上执法机构间对话合作。总额为30亿元人民币的中国-东盟海上合作基金的设立，为双方推进海上各领域合作提供了重要平台，双方应实施好2014年项目，并尽早启动2015年基金项目的申报工作。中方还将提供3000万元人民币，支持“东亚海洋合作平台”建设。
– Advance maritime cooperation in East Asia. Next year is designated as the year of maritime cooperation between China and ASEAN. The two sides may explore the possibility of convening a maritime cooperation forum to be attended by maritime ministers from relevant countries and increase dialogue and cooperation between maritime law enforcement agencies. The China-ASEAN Maritime Cooperation Fund with a total value of RMB3 billion is a major platform for the two sides to advance maritime cooperation in various fields. The two sides need to fully implement the 2014 projects and start application process for the 2015 projects as soon as possible. China will also provide RMB30 million for the East Asia Maritime Cooperation Platform.
——密切东亚人文交流。东亚国家不同文明对话和文化交流有益于增进相互了解和信任。人与人的交流延伸到哪里，友谊合作之路就通向哪里。我们应继续挖掘海上丝绸之路的历史人文内涵。中方赞赏印方为重建那烂陀大学所做努力，愿共同推动文化教育及留学生等领域合作。我们应鼓励中国-东盟思想库网络、东亚思想库网络等地区二轨合作机制，为加强东亚人文社会领域交流、共商亚洲发展大计贡献智慧。
– Intensify people-to-people and cultural exchanges in East Asia. Dialogue and exchanges among different civilizations and cultures in East Asia are instrumental in boosting mutual understanding and trust. The path of friendship and cooperation will extend wherever exchanges between people exist. We shall continue to explore into the history and culture of the Maritime Silk Road. China commends India’s efforts to revive Nalanda University and is ready to work together for cooperation in culture, education, international students and other fields. We shall encourage track II cooperation mechanisms in the region such as the Network of ASEAN-China Think-Tanks and the Network of East Asian Think-Tanks. I believe their wisdom will contribute to greater exchanges in the cultural and social sectors in East Asia and more prosperous development of Asia at large.
各位同事！
Dear Colleagues,
明年是东亚峰会成立10周年。峰会要继续发挥好作为领导人引领的战略论坛的作用，继续坚持东盟主导等原则，本着平等、开放、包容精神，照顾各方舒适度，就地区和全球重大议题坦诚对话，推动相关领域务实合作。
Next year marks the 10th anniversary of the East Asia Summit. The EAS should continue to play its role as a leaders-led strategic forum, follow the principles such as ASEAN centrality, embrace equality, openness and inclusiveness, accommodate each other’s comfort level, conduct candid dialogue on major regional and global issues, and advance results-oriented cooperation in relevant areas.
东亚是世界最具潜力和发展前景的地区之一。东亚的兴衰荣辱不仅涉及地区各国人民福祉，而且关乎整个亚太地区的前途与命运。无论是本地区国家还是相关域外国家，都是同一条大船上的乘客，利益攸关，休戚与共。缅甸有句谚语：“谁不向前看，谁就会遇到许多困难。”各方都是东亚合作的促进者，应该齐心协力、共襄盛举，推动世界的和平与发展事业！
East Asia is among the most promising regions in the world. The future of East Asia bears not only on the well-being of the people in this region but also on the future and destiny of the whole Asia-Pacific region. Countries, within the region and without, are passengers traveling in the same big boat with their interests closely linked. As a Myanmar proverb goes, “He who does not look ahead will encounter many difficulties.” All parties are contributors to East Asia cooperation. Let us join hands and work together to promote peace and development of the world.
谢谢大家！
Thank you very much.
来源：中国外交部网
