中国社会各阶级的分析（节选）
(一九二五年十二月一日)
Analysis of the Classes in Chinese Society (Excerpt)
December 1925
谁是我们的敌人？谁是我们的朋友？这个问题是革命的首要问题。
Who are our enemies? Who are our friends? This is a question of the first importance for the revolution.
中国过去一切革命斗争成效甚少，其基本原因就是因为不能团结真正的朋友，以攻击真正的敌人。革命党是群众的向导，在革命中未有革命党领错了路而革命不失败的。
The basic reason why all previous revolutionary struggles in China achieved so little was their failure to unite with real friends in order to attack real enemies. A revolutionary party is the guide of the masses, and no revolution ever succeeds when the revolutionary party leads them astray.
我们的革命要有不领错路和一定成功的把握，不可不注意团结我们的真正的朋友，以攻击我们的真正的敌人。我们要分辨真正的敌友，不可不将中国社会各阶级的经济地位及其对于革命的态度，作一个大概的分析。
To ensure that we will definitely achieve success in our revolution and will not lead the masses astray, we must pay attention to uniting with our real friends in order to attack our real enemies. To distinguish real friends from real enemies, we must make a general analysis of the economic status of the various classes in Chinese society and of their respective attitudes towards the revolution.
无产阶级。现代工业无产阶级约二百万人。中国因经济落后，故现代工业无产阶级人数不多。二百万左右的产业工人中，主要为铁路、矿山、海运、纺织、造船五种产业的工人，而其中很大一个数量是在外资产业的奴役下。
The proletariat. The modern industrial proletariat numbers about two million. It is not large because China is economically backward. These two million industrial workers are mainly employed in five industries — railways, mining, maritime transport, textiles and shipbuilding--and a great number are enslaved in enterprises owned by foreign capitalists.
工业无产阶级人数虽不多，却是中国新的生产力的代表者，是近代中国最进步的阶级，做了革命运动的领导力量。
Though not very numerous, the industrial proletariat represents China’s new productive forces, is the most progressive class in modern China and has become the leading force in the revolutionary movement.
来源：译之有道 日期：2021年7月15日
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