国务院新闻办新闻局局长、新闻发言人陈文俊:
Chen Wenjun:
女士们，先生们，下午好。我们国家现在进入高质量发展阶段，正在构建新发展格局，商务工作在构建新的格局当中发挥着十分重要的作用。今天我们很荣幸地请到了商务部部长王文涛先生、商务部副部长兼国际贸易谈判副代表王受文先生、商务部副部长钱克明先生跟大家见面，介绍有关情况，并回答各位关心的问题。　
Ladies and gentlemen, good afternoon. China has entered a stage of high-quality development and is building a new development paradigm. The development of commerce plays a very important role in the building of this paradigm. Today, we are honored to be joined by Mr. Wang Wentao, minister of commerce; Mr. Wang Shouwen, vice minister of commerce and deputy China international trade representative; and Mr. Qian Keming, vice minister of commerce. They will explain related issues and answer your questions.
现在先请王文涛部长介绍情况。
Now, let's give the floor to Minister Wang Wentao.
商务部部长王文涛:
Wang Wentao:
谢谢主持人。各位媒体朋友，大家下午好，很高兴跟大家在这里见面！首先，我代表商务部向关心和支持商务工作的媒体朋友们表示衷心的感谢。
Thank you, Mr. Chen. Friends from the media, good afternoon. It's a great pleasure to meet with you. On behalf of the Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM), I would like to express my sincere thanks to friends from the media who have shown interest and supported us in the development of commerce.
2020年，面对非常严峻复杂的国际形势，特别是疫情带来的冲击，在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，商务部统筹推进疫情防控和经济社会发展，扎实做好“六稳”工作，全面落实“六保”任务，稳住了外贸外资基本盘，推动了消费回升，取得了多双边经贸关系新突破，实现了商务发展回稳向好、好于预期，为国民经济和社会发展作出了积极贡献。
The year 2020 was marked by a severe and complex international situation, and especially the coronavirus outbreak. Under the strong leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, the MOFCOM coordinated COVID-19 responses with economic and social development, and took solid steps to ensure stability on the six fronts (employment, finance, foreign trade, foreign investment, domestic investment, and market expectations) and security in the six areas (jobs, daily living needs, food and energy, industrial and supply chains, the interests of market players, and the smooth functioning of grassroots government).
We have stabilized the overall performance of foreign trade and foreign investment, promoted the recovery of consumption, made new breakthroughs in multilateral and bilateral economic and trade relationships, and steadily developed commerce, which performed better than expected. These efforts have contributed to social and economic development in China.
今年，商务部将以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，准确把握新发展阶段，深入贯彻新发展理念，加快构建新发展格局，努力推动商务高质量发展，在新征程中迈好第一步、见到新气象，以优异成绩庆祝建党100周年。
This year, the MOFCOM will continue to follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, accurately understand the new development stage, act on the new development philosophy, and accelerate the establishment of the new development paradigm. We will strive to achieve the high-quality development of commerce and make a good start on the new journey to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the CPC with great achievements.
下面，我和我的同事王受文副部长、钱克明副部长愿意回答大家的提问。
My colleagues, Vice Minister Wang Shouwen and Vice Minister Qian Keming, as well as myself, will now answer your questions.
陈文俊:
Chen Wenjun:
下面欢迎各位提问，提问之前先通报一下自己所代表的新闻机构。谢谢。
Now the floor is open to questions. Please state the name of your news outlet before asking your question. Thank you.
第一财经记者:
Yicai:
受到新冠肺炎疫情等多重因素的影响，今年对于我国外贸形势、外贸方面的一些压力外界有很多的判断，请问您怎么看今年我国在外贸进出口方面的形势？另外，商务部未来还会有哪些稳外贸的政策措施能够帮助外贸企业稳住产业链和供应链？谢谢。
Affected by a multiple factors including the coronavirus, there have been mixed views about China's foreign trade this year. What predictions do you have regarding China's imports and exports this year? What new policies and measures will the MOFCOM introduce to help foreign-trade companies stabilize industrial and supply chains? Thank you.
王文涛:
Wang Wentao:
谢谢。你的提问是怎么来判断今年外贸的形势，下一步我们对外贸企业有什么样的稳外贸的措施。我们先简单回顾一下去年，去年习近平总书记作出了稳住外贸外资基本盘的重要部署，围绕稳基本盘，国务院出台了一系列的政策措施。在各有关部门、地方的共同努力下，特别是广大外贸企业迎难而上、奋力拼搏，我们概括说去年外贸是极不平凡、成绩斐然的。从整个数据来看，去年货物进出口是32.2万亿元，增长1.9%，这个数据可以展现出三个方面：第一方面是全球唯一实现贸易正增长的主要经济体。第二方面在外贸的规模和国际份额创了历史新高。第三方面全球第一贸易大国的地位更加巩固。
Thank you. Your questions are about China's foreign trade outlook this year and what measures we are taking to maintain stability. First, let's quickly review its performance in 2020. Last year, General Secretary Xi Jinping made important instructions on stabilizing the overall performance of foreign trade and foreign investment, and the State Council adopted a series of policies and measures in this regard. All relevant departments and local governments made concerted efforts. Foreign-trade companies met the challenges head-on and worked hard. Generally, remarkable progress was achieved in China's foreign trade last year. The combined value of imports and exports for 2020 reached 32.2 trillion yuan, an increase of 1.9% year on year. These figures reveal three points: first, China was the only major economy that registered positive growth in foreign trade; second, China's foreign trade volume and international market share hit record highs; and third, the country maintained its position as the world's largest trading nation in goods.
今年形势怎么判断？我们判断还是严峻复杂，从需求来说，大家都知道新冠肺炎整个疫情的情况还是有一些起伏，不明朗、不确定，所以我们对今年外贸形势的判断是严峻复杂。从供应链、产业链看，影响稳定的因素仍然在发展，我们将坚决稳住外贸外资的基本盘，今年还是这个目标，重点实施优进优出计划、贸易产业融合计划和贸易畅通计划。具体来说，有这么几方面：
The situation in relation to China's foreign trade will remain severe and complex this year. Demand hangs in the balance amid uncertainties caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Factors affecting the stability of industrial and supply chains are also still appearing. We will take firm measures to maintain stability in the overall performance of foreign trade and foreign investment. Efforts will be focused on plans to optimize imports and exports, integrate foreign trade industries, and promote unimpeded trade. More specifically, we will pay attention to the following aspects:
一是要继续加强政策支持。我们将会同地方和有关部门保持政策的连续性、稳定性和可持续性。我们现在在定期听取外贸企业反映的问题和呼声，比如解决国际物流不畅、物流成本偏高问题，比如巩固提升出口信用保险，比如抓好抓实外贸信贷的投放，再比如支持外贸企业稳岗扩岗等等，保持政策的连续性、稳定性，同时面对新的情况及时调整政策。
First, we will continue to strengthen policy support. We will collaborate with local governments and relevant departments to maintain the continuity, stability and sustainability of our policies. We will solicit opinions from foreign-trade companies on a regular basis and help solve their problems. For example, we are working to facilitate international logistics, lower logistics costs, improve export credit insurance, ensure the reasonable release of foreign trade loans, and support companies in stabilizing and expanding employment. We are also making timely adjustments as conditions change, all while maintaining the continuity and stability of policies.
二是保障外贸产业链、供应链的稳定畅通。在贸易产业融合发展上下功夫，新认定一批外贸转型升级基地，培育一批加工贸易产业园区。我们还将建设一批国家进口贸易促进创新示范区，扩大进口规模，带动相关产业提质增效。
Second, we will ensure the stability and unimpeded flow of industrial and supply chains in foreign trade. More efforts will be made to push forward industry convergence in trade sector. We will identify a batch of new foreign trade bases for transformation and upgrading, and foster a group of processing trade industrial parks. We will also establish a batch of national import trade innovation-oriented demonstration zones to expand the scale of imports and boost the quality and efficiency of related industries.
三是帮助外贸企业稳订单拓市场。主要是进一步发挥平台的作用，我们有一些很好的平台，今年继续要发挥它的作用。我们将办好第四届进博会、2021服贸会，还要用好广交会以及首届消博会这些重要的展会平台，为企业稳订单、拓市场做贡献。同时，根据疫情变化的情况，线上线下同步发力。我们还将加强国际营销体系的建设，特别是海外仓的升级发展，推动内外贸一体化。我们还将与更多的贸易伙伴，特别是“一带一路”相关国家商建贸易畅通的工作机制，为外贸企业营造良好的国际环境。
Third, we will help foreign trade enterprises to secure orders and expand the market, focusing on giving further play to the role of various platforms. We have several good platforms, and we will continue to make good use of them this year. We will hold the Fourth China International Import Expo (CIIE) and China International Fair for Trade in Services (CIFTIS) 2021. We will also make full use of important exhibition platforms such as the Canton Fair and the first China International Consumer Goods Fair (CICGF) to stabilize orders and expand the market for enterprises. Meanwhile, depending on the pandemic situation, exhibitions and fairs will adopt both online and in-person. We will advance development of the international marketing system, especially upgrading overseas warehouses, to promote the integration of domestic and foreign trade. We will also negotiate with more trading partners, especially Belt and Road countries, to set up a working mechanism for the unimpeded flow of trade, and create a favorable international environment for foreign trade enterprises.
四是要积极培育外贸新业态新模式。疫情以后，外贸的新业态新模式发挥了重要的作用，比如跨境电商和市场采购贸易方式。2020年，跨境电商进出口1.69万亿元，增长31.1%。市场采购2020年出口7045.4亿元，增长25.2%，都是两位数高速增长，说明这些新业态新模式有很强的生命力。下一步，我们还会进一步扩大对这些新业态新模式的支持，为今年稳外贸作出贡献。谢谢你的问题。
Fourth, we will take the initiative to foster new forms and models of foreign trade. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, new forms and models of foreign trade have played an important role, such as cross-border e-commerce and market purchase trade. In 2020, the trade volume of China's cross-border e-commerce reached 1.69 trillion yuan, up 31.1% year on year, while the export through market purchases reached 704.54 billion yuan, up 25.2% year on year. Both of these double-digit growth rates indicate that the new forms and models have strong vitality. Next, we will give them more support, and contribute to stabilizing foreign trade this year. Thank you for your questions.
中央广播电视总台央视记者:
CCTV:
党的十九届五中全会提出，“十四五”时期要健全现代流通体系，降低企业流通成本。近日召开的中央深改委会议再次强调要建设现代流通体系。请问，商务部在具体落实上有什么考虑？如何建设现代商贸流通体系？谢谢。
The fifth plenary session of the 19th CPC Central Committee proposed that the modern circulation system be improved during the 14th Five-Year Plan period to reduce enterprises' circulation costs. This was reiterated at the recent meeting of the Central Committee for deepening overall reform. What are MOFCOM's considerations regarding specific implementation measures? How can we develop a modern trade circulation system? Thank you.
王文涛:
Wang Wentao:
大家都知道，流通一头连着生产，一头连着消费。党的十八大以来，我国商贸流通发展很快，主体多元、方式多样、开放竞争格局也基本形成。但是，我们在流通方面也存在着不少短板。比如，2020年我国社会物流总费用与GDP的比例，这往往是国际上在看、在比较，我们大概是14.7%，一般要比发达国家高6个点左右，我们物流的成本还是比较高的。从另一个指标来看，我们的冷链物流是短板当中的短板。发达国家的农产品腐损率不到10%，而我国肉类的腐损率约12%，果蔬更高，约18%，有的研究说是20%以上。这说明我们在物流方面还是有很多短板。还有就是我们的流通主体国际竞争力不强。
As we all know, circulation connects production and consumption. Since the 18th CPC National Congress, commercial and trade circulation have developed rapidly in China, and an open and competitive pattern with diverse actors and models has basically taken shape. However, there are also some shortcomings in circulation. For example, China's national logistics costs as a percentage of GDP in 2020, often viewed and compared internationally, stood at around 14.7%, roughly 6 percentage points higher than that of developed countries. The cost of logistics in China is relatively high. Another indicator is cold chain logistics, which is China's weakest point. The loss rate of agricultural products during transport in developed countries is less than 10%, while in China it is about 12%, with fruit and vegetables even higher, registering around 18% — although some studies suggest it is over 20%. This indicates that we still have many shortcomings in terms of logistics and China's circulation companies are less competitive internationally.
习近平总书记强调，国内循环和国际循环都离不开高效的现代流通体系。刚才你问我们有什么具体考虑，我们主要是从“六个提升”，主要是从问题出发，从“六个提升”方面来建立现代的流通体系。
General Secretary Xi Jinping has stressed that an efficient modern circulation system is essential for both domestic and international circulations. MOFCOM's considerations mainly focus on making improvements in six areas with a problem-oriented approach to develop a modern circulation system.
首先是要提升流通网络布局。如果把流通网络比成人的血脉，骨干网络就是人的大动脉，所以我们首先要把骨干网络健全，然后再畅通基本网络，直到打通毛细血管，有一个健全的网络体系。在流通网络，我们重点要抓骨干网络，要合理规划商品的集散中心和综合物流园区、公共配送中心等。把骨干网络打通健全以后，我们再顺着把最终到“最后一公里”的毛细血管要打通。
First, we will improve the circulation network layout. If the circulation network is compared to the human cardiovascular system, the backbone network is just like the main arteries. So, we must first develop a sound backbone network before ensuring the smooth flow of basic network, and open up the "capillaries" to have a sound network system. As such, we need to focus our efforts on the backbone network by making a proper plan for commodity distribution centers, comprehensive logistics parks and public distribution centers among others. With a sound backbone network, we will then be able to ensure the last-mile "capillaries" of the network.
二是要提升流通基础设施。相对发达国家来讲，我们流通基础设施还存在不少差距，主要的差距现在来看就是在“最后一公里”。刚才讲了骨干网络要建立，接下去我们要把毛细血管打通，特别是“最后一公里”。重要的是工作要下沉。在城市怎么下沉？我们要让居民身边有便利店、菜市场、社区生活服务网点，也就是重点打造“一刻钟”的便民生活圈。在农村的下沉怎么做？农村重点要健全商业体系，改造县乡村三级的商贸流通网点，完善物流配送网络，畅通工业品下乡、农产品进城，一上一下，这个要打通。我们定下了一个目标，就是到2025年，每个县城都要有连锁商超和物流配送中心，乡镇要有商贸中心，村村要通快递，要全覆盖。我们主要在城市和农村做好下沉这篇文章，打通“最后一公里”。
Second, we will improve the circulation infrastructure, which is still left behind when compared with developed countries. At present, the main shortcoming is the "last mile." Just now I talked about the establishment of a "backbone" network. Next, we need to open up the "capillaries," especially with regards to the last mile. The important thing is that the work should reach down to all levels. How can this be done in urban areas? We should ensure residents have access to convenience stores, vegetable markets and community centers, that is, we should focus on making them available within 15-minutes of people's homes. How can it be done in the countryside? In rural areas, we should focus on improving the commercial system, transforming the three-level commercial and trade circulation network of counties, townships and villages, improving the logistics distribution network, and unblocking the flow of industrial products to the countryside and agricultural products to cities. We have set a goal that by 2025, every county should have chain stores and logistics distribution centers, every town should have business centers, and every village should have express delivery. We should focus on reaching all levels in urban and rural areas to solve the last mile problem.
三是要提升流通主体竞争力。刚才说了，和发达国家相比，和国际大的流通企业比，我们的流通企业还存在着不少差距。但是现在5G、物联网、大数据、云计算、人工智能这些新的技术应用，给了我们流通企业弯道超车的好机遇，我们也鼓励和引导流通企业抢抓这个机遇，能够在流通的数字化、网络化和智能化方面跨越式发展。
Third, we will enhance the competitiveness of the main circulation. As I said, compared with developed countries and large international circulation enterprises, our circulation enterprises still have many shortcomings. Now, however, new technology applications such as 5G, the Internet of Things, big data, cloud computing and artificial intelligence, have given circulation enterprises a good opportunity to catch up quickly. We are encouraging and guiding circulation enterprises to seize this opportunity and make great strides in digital, network and smart technologies to improve circulation.
四是要提升流通发展方式。我们有遍布城乡的商场、超市、小卖部等，要鼓励和引导创新转型，创新转型就是前面所说的立足于数字化、智能化改造、跨界融合。我们到一些基层去看，有些小卖部既是消费的网点，也是物流最后的末端，它已经开始跨界融合，既卖东西，也收收货、寄寄快递。同时，我们还要发展绿色流通。
Fourth, we will improve the circulation development model. There are shopping malls, supermarkets and retail outlets all over urban and rural areas. We should encourage and guide innovation and transformation. Innovation and transformation are based on digitization, intelligent transformation and cross-border integration. In some grassroots areas, retail outlets are not only outlets for consumption, but also logistics end-points. They have already started cross-border integration, selling things, receiving goods and sending express mail. At the same time, we should also develop green circulation.
五是要提升供应链现代化水平。重点开展供应链创新与应用示范创建，推动流通创新与产业变革的深度融合。
Fifth, we should improve the level of supply chain modernization. We will focus on the creation of supply chain innovation and application demonstration, and promote the deep integration of circulation innovation and industrial change.
六是要提升内外贸一体化程度。打通内外贸流通的堵点，构建国内国际市场的畅通通路，堵点要打通，关键要推动内外贸在法律法规、监管体制、质量标准、认证认可等各方面的衔接。现在这个衔接还是不够紧，内外贸的畅通还不够，有些地方也作了探索，大概只有10%的内外贸能够连接。下一步，我们要扩大在法律法规、监管体制、质量标准、认证认可各方面的衔接。这方面的工作我们一直在推动，今年要加大力度，提升内外贸一体化的程度。
Sixth, we should enhance the integration of domestic and foreign trade. We will break through the blockage points in domestic and foreign trade circulation, and build a smooth channel for domestic and international markets. The key is to promote the connection of domestic and foreign trade in laws and regulations, regulatory systems, quality standards, certification and other aspects. At present, they are not connected closely enough, and the flow of domestic and foreign trade is not smooth enough. Investigations show that only about 10% of domestic and foreign trade can be connected in some places. Going forward, we need to expand the convergence of laws and regulations, regulatory systems, quality standards, certification and accreditation. We have long been promoting this work. This year, we will increase efforts to enhance the degree of integration of domestic and foreign trade.
这个问题我就先从这六个方面回答。谢谢。
Together, these six aspects form the answer to your question. Thank you.
香港中评社记者:
CRNTT:
请问商务部如何看待下一阶段中美经贸关系的走势？国际社会高度关注中美两国的沟通接触情况，特别是中美能否重建双边经贸对话机制，请问商务部对此有何看法？谢谢。
How does the MOFCOM see the next phase of China-U.S. economic and trade relations? The international community is paying much attention to the communication between China and the United States, and especially wonders if the two countries can re-establish the bilateral economic and trade dialogue mechanism. What's your position on this? Thank you.
王文涛:
Wang Wentao:
你这个问题各方都非常关注。2月11日，习近平主席与美国总统拜登通电话，就发展中美关系深入交换意见，为下一阶段的双边经贸关系指明了方向。中方始终认为，中美经贸关系的本质是互利共赢，双方利益深度融合，合则两利、斗则俱伤，合作是唯一正确的选择。2020年尽管受到新冠肺炎疫情的影响，全球的贸易表现低迷，但是中美之间的贸易却是在困境中逆势上行。中国是美国的第一大贸易伙伴，双方的双边贸易投资合作为各自经济恢复作出了积极的贡献，这充分说明，经贸合作是两国关系积极推动的力量，为双方也带来了实实在在的好处。
This is a question that attracts wide attention. On Feb.11, President Xi and U.S. President Biden held a phone call, exchanged ideas on China-U.S. relations and pointed out the direction of the future development of the bilateral economic and trade relationship. China upholds that the nature of China-U.S. economic and trade relation is mutual benefit and win-win results. The interests of the two sides are deeply integrated. The two countries stand to gain from cooperation and lose from confrontation. Cooperation is the only correct choice. Despite the global trade slump due to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, China-U.S. trade has bucked the trend. China is the largest trading partner of the United States. Cooperation of trade and investment of the two sides has contributed to their economic recovery. This has proven that economic and trade cooperation drives the development of China-U.S. relationship, and has brought real benefits to both sides.
习近平主席与拜登总统在通话当中强调，中美应重新建立各种对话机制，准确地了解彼此的政策意图，避免误解误判。中方愿加强两国在经贸领域的交往，在相互尊重、平等互利的基础上开展合作，造福两国人民，这样也惠及世界。应该说，下一阶段我也期待着我们与美国的同事共同努力，按照两国元首的通话精神，加强沟通，增进了解，聚焦合作，管控分歧，推动双边经贸关系重回合作的轨道。谢谢。
In his call with President Biden, President Xi stressed that China and the U.S. should re-establish the various dialogue mechanisms, read each other's policy intentions accurately, and avoid misunderstanding and miscalculation. China is willing to deepen bilateral exchanges in economic and trade, and cooperate on the basis of mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit. This serves the interests of the people in both countries and benefits the whole world. In the next stage, I look forward to joint efforts with our colleagues in the United States. By following the spirit of the phone call between the presidents of the two countries, we would like to step up communication, enhance understanding, focus on cooperation and manage differences in order to take bilateral economic and trade relations back on the track of cooperation. Thank you.
美国国际市场新闻社记者:
Market News International:
中国在签署了RCEP之后说是要积极考虑参加CPTPP，请问在这方面你们要做的具体工作是什么？有没有相关的时间表？加入CPTPP对中国的经济发展存在着一些什么样的挑战？比如劳工和环境标准，或者是知识产权保护之类的。谢谢。
China has expressed that it's readily considering joining the CPTPP after the signing of the RCEP. What's the role of your ministry in this regard? Is there any relevant timetable? What are the challenges to China's economic development if China joins the CPTPP, such as labor and environmental standards and intellectual property protection? Thank you.
商务部副部长兼国际贸易谈判副代表王受文:
Wang Shouwen:
谢谢你的提问。去年11月20日，习近平主席在亚太经合组织领导人非正式会议上对外提出，中国积极考虑加入CPTPP，去年12月，中央经济工作会议再次提出，中国要积极考虑加入CPTPP。正如刚刚记者所提到的，CPTPP涵盖的内容十分广泛，目前我们在做两方面的工作：一是我们在内部对CPTPP的所有条款，包括你刚刚提到的条款，进行评估、研究和深入的分析，我们在做内部的作业。二是对外方面，我们已经和CPTPP11个成员中的一些成员进行了非正式接触，我们也计划和其他成员再进行非正式接触，就涉及到的问题进行技术层面的沟通和交流，以便我们对相关的协议内容有更准确的了解和把握。谢谢。
Thank you for your question. On Nov. 20 of 2020 at the APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting, President Xi said that China would favorably consider joining the CPTPP. In December last year, the Central Economic Work Conference proposed again that China would actively consider CPTPP membership. As you know, the CPTPP covers a wide range of content, and we are doing our work in two aspects. The first is that we are conducting assessments, research and deep analyses of all CPTPP clauses including those you mentioned. Second, we have made informal contacts with some of the 11 members of the CPTPP. We also plan to engage with the rest of the members as well to talk at the technical level on issues involved, so we can have a more accurate understanding regarding the content of relevant agreements. Thank you.
凤凰卫视记者:
Phoenix TV:
我有个关于世贸组织改革的问题。我们知道，今年是中国加入世贸组织二十周年，但是当前世贸组织还是面临很多难题和挑战。请问，在推动世贸组织改革方面，中方有哪些考虑，具体将作哪些工作和努力？谢谢。
I have a question about the WTO reform. We know that this year marks the 20th anniversary of China joining the WTO, but currently the WTO is facing a lot of difficulties and challenges. What will China do to advance WTO reform? Thank you.
王受文:
Wang Shouwen:
谢谢凤凰卫视的提问。今年是中国加入世贸组织二十周年，在过去的二十年里，中国积极履行作为世贸组织成员的义务，我们开放市场，履行各种承诺，积极参与世贸组织的一些谈判，包括贸易便利化协定谈判、信息技术协定扩围谈判，还有农业出口补贴禁止谈判，为这些谈判作出了贡献。中国还积极向WTO通报我们所进行的改革、政策方面的变动，接受世贸组织七次贸易政策审议，今年我们还要进行第八次审议。我们还专门设立了一个中国项目，与WTO秘书处一起帮助最不发达的成员融入到WTO的机制体制之中。
Thank you for the question from Phoenix TV. This year marks the 20th anniversary of China joining the WTO. In the past two decades, China has fully complied with its obligations as a WTO member. We have opened our market, fulfilled our commitments, and actively participated in and contributed to some WTO negotiations, including negotiations on Trade Facilitation Agreement, on the expansion of the Information Technology Agreement, and about agricultural subsidies. China has actively reported to the WTO regarding its reforms and policy changes. Our trade policies have been reviewed by the WTO seven times and we are going to undergo the eighth. We have specially established a China Program, helping the Least Developed Countries (LDCs) integrate into the WTO mechanisms along with the efforts of the WTO Secretariat.
大家知道，在世贸组织争端解决机制的上诉机构瘫痪之后，中国和欧盟等其他成员一起努力建立了“多方临时上诉仲裁安排”。中国作为一个成员，通过这些方面的努力，为世贸组织的权威性和有效性作出了自己的贡献。正如你刚刚提到，现在WTO也遇到了一些困难，需要改革，比如单边主义、贸易保护主义对世贸组织权威的冲击，上诉机构陷入瘫痪，世贸组织谈判步履维艰。在这样一种情况下，中国支持WTO进行必要改革。在这方面，大家已经注意到，2月15日WTO选出了新的总干事伊维拉博士，中国将会积极支持伊维拉博士履行总干事职责，我们也希望她能够迅速恢复WTO正常职能，包括今年要召开的第十二届WTO部长级会议取得成功，比如就渔业补贴谈判能够达成协议。
After the paralysis of the Appellate Body of the WTO dispute settlement mechanism, China, together with other members such as the E.U., worked to establish the Multiparty Interim Appeal-Arbitration Arrangement. In this way, China as a member of WTO has made its own contribution to strengthening the authority and effectiveness of the WTO. As you have just mentioned, the WTO has encountered some difficulties, such as the challenges posed by unilateralism and trade protectionism, the paralysis of the Appellate Body and tough WTO negotiations. It needs to change in such a situation and China supports necessary reforms. In this regard, Dr. Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, was officially appointed as the new director-general of the global trade body on Feb. 15. China will actively support Okonjo-Iweala, and hopes the WTO, under her leadership, will resume its normal functions as soon as possible. For example, we hope the 12th WTO Ministerial Conference could be successfully held this year and an agreement on fisheries subsidies could be reached.
对于世贸组织改革，中方公布了我们的立场文件，而且中国对世贸组织改革具体的建议也向世贸组织秘书处作出了通报。在我们看来，世贸组织改革首先要做的就是恢复上诉机构的正常运行，只要上诉机构正常运行，我们就可以有效抵制单边主义和贸易保护主义。同时，我们认为对农业方面的一些过度补贴，也需要通过改革来予以适当处理，特别是一些发达国家，对农业方面的补贴可以说是巨大的。发展中国家也非常关心关于粮食安全公共储备这方面的议题，我们认为这都应该是WTO改革优先关注的议题。
With regard to WTO reform, China has released its position paper and submitted a proposal to the WTO Secretariat. In our view, the first thing on the agenda is to restore the normal operation of the Appellate Body. If it is functioning normally, we can effectively fight against unilateralism and trade protectionism. In addition, we believe the WTO needs to properly reform some excessive agricultural subsidies, especially in regard to some developed countries, where subsidies in agriculture can be huge. The issue of public food security and reserves is also an issue about which the developing countries are concerned, which we believe should be a priority for WTO reform.
除此之外，大家知道WTO是1995年成立的，到今天已经25年了。在这25年之中，世界经济、国际贸易、跨国投资发生了很大变化，比如25年前服务贸易还很少，现在很多。跨境投资和过去相比也扩大了很多，电子商务当初还在萌芽，今天电子商务是方兴未艾。我们也希望WTO能够与时俱进，在服务贸易的国内规制、投资便利化、电子商务方面达成一系列共识。
In addition, as we all know the WTO already has a history of 25 years. During this time , the world economy, international trade and cross-border investment have undergone huge changes. For example, we are trading much more in services than 25 years ago, and cross-border investment has also greatly expanded. E-commerce was still in its infancy at that time, but today it is thriving. We also hope that the WTO can keep pace with the times and consensus can be reached on domestic regulation in trade in services, investment facilitation and e-commerce.
前不久，世界经济论坛举办了达沃斯议程对话会，习近平主席作了特别致辞，他在致辞中讲到，我们要建设开放型世界经济，坚定维护多边贸易体制；要推进WTO改革，保障发展中国家发展权益和空间。中国现在正处在新发展阶段，加快构建新发展格局，在这个过程中，我们会进一步提高对外开放水平，也愿意与WTO的其他成员一道继续支持WTO的权威性和有效性建设，同时作为世界上最大的发展中国家，我们也愿意在权利和义务平衡的原则基础之上，作出更多与自身能力相符的贡献，履行好我们的义务。谢谢。
Not long ago, the Davos Agenda was held by the World Economic Forum and President Xi Jinping delivered a special address in which he said that we should build an open world economy, uphold the multilateral trading regime; we should advance WTO reform and protect the interests and opportunities of developing countries. China is now at a new stage of development and accelerating the building of a new development paradigm. In this process, we will further open up to the outside world and are also willing to work with other WTO members to continue to support the strengthening of the WTO's authority and effectiveness, while at the same time, as the world's largest developing country, we are also willing to make more contributions and fulfil our obligations commensurate with our capabilities, based on the principle of balancing rights and duties. Thank you.
CNBC记者:
CNBC:
想问一下在加快商务的高质量发展下，对于电商会有什么特别的考虑？有什么特别的政策？谢谢。
I would like to ask what special policies will be issued for the e-commerce sector in order to speed up the high-quality development of commerce? Thank you.
商务部副部长钱克明:
Qian Keming:
谢谢你的问题。电商这几年发展非常快。伴随着新一轮科技革命和产业变革的发展，我国电子商务发展在世界上是排在前列的，电子商务的发展深刻改变了人们的生产和生活方式，特别是疫情发生以来，大家都有切身的感受。网络购物已经成为我们居民消费的重要渠道，去年实物商品网上零售额占到社消零总额的比重接近1/4。疫情发生以来，电子商务在抗疫保供、复工复产和消费回补等方面作用凸显，成为社会经济发展的稳定器。前不久，商务部会同有关部门指导开展了“2021网上年货节”，带动了全国网络零售额超过了9000亿元，较好保障了春节期间的市场供应，服务就地过年。
Thank you for your question. E-commerce has been developing very fast over the past few years. Along with a new round of technological revolution and industrial change, China has been at the forefront of e-commerce development in the world, and it has profoundly reshaped people's production and way of life, especially since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, under which we have all felt the changes. Online shopping has become an important consumption channel for people. Last year, online retail sales of physical goods accounted for nearly a quarter of total social consumption. Since the outbreak of the pandemic, e-commerce has played a prominent role in helping fight it, securing supplies, resuming work and production and promoting replenishment of consumption. It has become a stabilizer of social and economic development. Not long ago, the MOFCOM, in conjunction with relevant departments, guided the launch of the "2021 Online Lunar New Year's Shopping Festival", which generated online retail sales of over 900 billion yuan nationwide and ensured market supply for people not travelling during the Spring Festival.
商务部作为电子商务行业主管部门，始终坚持发展和规范并举，不断优化电子商务发展的环境。今年将重点开展以下几方面的工作：
The MOFCOM, as the competent department of the e-commerce industry, always insists on developing and regulating the sector at the same time, and constantly optimizes the environment for the development of e-commerce. This year, we will focus on the following aspects.
一是做好顶层设计。目前，我们正在抓紧编制电子商务“十四五”发展规划，立足新发展阶段，贯彻新发展理念，服务构建新发展格局，提出“十四五”时期电子商务高质量发展的一系列目标、主要任务和保障措施，为全面建设社会主义现代化国家提供新的动能。
First, we will improve top-level design. At present, we are pressing ahead with the devising of the 14th Five-Year Plan involving e-commerce development. Based on the new development stage, implementing the new development concept, and serving the building of the new development paradigm, we will put forward a series of targets, major tasks and supporting measures for the high-quality development of e-commerce in the 14th Five-Year Plan period, so as to provide new momentum for the building of a modern socialist country in all aspects.
二是推动创新发展。我们将积极发展新型消费，加快培育直播电商、生鲜电商等新业态和新模式，积极打造“双品网购节”等消费升级平台，丰富网上消费内容与场景。推动线上和线下融合发展，支持实体商业数字化转型升级，指导电商平台为中小企业赋能。还要深入发展农村电商，刚才王文涛部长提出农村商业体系建设，农村电商是其中非常重要的举措，我们将有效衔接脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴，统筹政府与社会资源，推动实施“数商兴农”，发展农村电商的新基建，扩大电商进农村的覆盖面，助力农民增收。我们还要大力发展跨境电商，扩大跨境电商零售进口试点，拓展“丝路电商”的朋友圈，深化与“一带一路”伙伴国电子商务的交流与合作，共享数字时代发展的新机遇。
Second, to promote innovation-driven development. We will actively develop and accelerate new types of consumption via platforms such as livestreaming e-commerce and fresh food e-commerce. We will build platforms, such as "Brand and Quality Online Shopping Festivals," to upgrade consumption and enrich content for online consumption. We will promote the integration of online and offline consumption and support the digital transformation of brick-and-mortar businesses and guide e-commerce platforms to energize small and medium-sized companies. We will also deepen the development of e-commerce in rural areas. Mr. Wang just mentioned the building of business systems in rural areas. E-commerce is a major part of that. We will ensure that poverty alleviation and rural vitalization are well integrated and coordinate government and social resources. We will carry out campaigns to boost agriculture through e-commerce and develop new infrastructures to support the rollout of e-commerce in more rural areas and help farmers increase their income. We will also ramp up efforts to advance cross-border e-commerce and expand cross-border e-commerce retail import pilot programs, inviting more and more friends and partners to join Belt and Road cooperation. We will deepen exchange and collaboration with our Belt and Road partners concerning e-commerce and share the new opportunities of the digital age.
同时我们也要看到，伴随着我国电子商务的快速发展，不正当竞争、涉嫌垄断等问题也引起了人民群众的广泛关注。商务部将加强电商的行业管理，一方面做好正面引导，加强电商的诚信体系建设，推动电商企业开展诚信承诺，建立诚信档案，推动行业自律。另一方面要加强刚性的约束。推动完善电子商务的法律规制，督导平台企业合规经营，防止资本的无序扩张，会同相关部门共同维护公平竞争的市场环境。谢谢。
At the same time, we must also be aware that with the fast development of China's e-commerce platforms, unfair competition and suspected monopolistic practices, among other related problems, have already aroused wide public concern. The MOFCOM will strengthen the management of e-commerce development. On the one hand, we will guide the creation of a social creditability system, put in place a credit filing system for e-commerce companies, and promote self-discipline within the industry. On the other hand, we will enforce mandatory and binding rules We will improve the laws and regulations regarding e-commerce, and conduct supervision of each company's compliance to prevent the uncontrolled expansion of business. We will work in collaboration with relevant departments to maintain an environment characterized by fair market competition. Thanks.
界面新闻记者:
Jiemian:
我想请教一个关于稳外资的问题。2020年我国实际使用外资逆势上扬，成为全球第一大外资流入国。1月份数据显示，我们1月份使用外资的同比增长速度甚至比2020年还要好，这样一个趋势会不会继续延续？商务部怎么看今年的外资使用情况？另外，随着疫苗在全球范围铺开，再加上很多国家都在推进提振经济的措施，全球范围内资金投资使用的竞争肯定会加剧，商务部在稳定外资方面会采取什么样的措施？谢谢。
I'd like to ask a question about how to ensure stable foreign investment. In 2020, utilized foreign investment in China went against the global trend and became the world's top destination for foreign direct investment (FDI). Data shows that China saw faster growth and utilization of FDI in January compared to 2020. Will this trend continue and how does the MOFCOM view this year's foreign investment? In addition, with the global vaccination campaign rolling out and many countries having unveiled their coronavirus relief packages, we can assume that there will be increased competition regarding the utilization of investment. What kind of measures will the MOFCOM take to ensure stable foreign investment? Thanks. 
王文涛:
Wang Wentao:
这个问题我来回答。正如你说的，去年我国非金融领域实际使用外资增长4.5%，成为全球最大的外资流入国。今年1月份形势也是比较好，但是我们对今年的判断跟前面的稳外贸一样，稳外资的形势严峻复杂，是因为它的不确定性。正如你刚才说到的，一方面，它的不确定性是因为疫情的不确定性，经济复苏的不确定性。另外一方面，各国对投资的竞争也愈发激烈。但是我们也看到一些机遇，有些机构对形势也有一些判断，比如联合国贸发会议预测，今年全球的FDI在去年下降42%的基础上将进一步下降5-10%，形势是严峻的，但是我们认为机遇也同样存在。我们将按照党中央、国务院决策部署，着力推动利用外资稳总量、优结构、提质量。具体有三个方面：
I will answer this question. Just like you said, last year, China's actually utilized non-financial foreign investment increased by 4.5%, becoming the world's top destination for FDI. This January, the growth is also impressive. But we believe ensuring stable foreign investment this year remains complicated and severe because of ongoing uncertainties. As you mentioned, these uncertainties are arising from the epidemic and economic recovery. On the other hand, competition for investment across the world is increasing. However, we also see some opportunities. For example, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) has projected that we'll see a further 5-10% decrease in FDI in 2021 based on a global decrease of 42% last year. The situation is severe but also provides opportunities. We will act per the policy decisions and plans of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and step up efforts to stabilize the total volume of FDI, optimize its structure, and improve the quality regarding FDI utilization. The concrete measures are as follows:
一是继续坚定不移扩大开放，这是最最根本的。习近平总书记指出，中国开放的大门只会越开越大。从商务部门来讲，要推动降低外资准入的门槛，要把2020年全国版的、自贸试验区版的和自由贸易港版的三张负面清单落实好。同时我们还要把已经发布的新版鼓励外商投资产业目录落实好，创造更多的投资机会，新版增加了127条，共享中国改革发展的红利。
First, we will continue to open up, which is fundamental. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that China will open its door still wider to the world. As for the MOFCOM, we will continue to lower the entry threshold for FDI as well as implement the 2020 national negative list for foreign investment and the negative lists for foreign investment in pilot free trade zones and ports. We will also employ the new version of the Catalogue of Encouraged Foreign Investment Industries to create more opportunities for investment. The new version has 127 more items. Together we will share the benefits brought by China's reform and development.
二是积极用好一些开放的平台。从商务部门来讲，我们要抓好自贸区港的平台和国家级经开区平台的建设，这是我们吸引外资的重要平台和载体。我们将高质量建设自贸区港，完善自贸试验区布局，落实海南自由贸易港建设的总体方案，实现贸易投资自由化、便利化的政策措施。还有一方面，我们现在有217个国家级经开区，要进一步扩大开放，推动经开区的转型升级，建设改革开放的新高地，更好服务新发展格局。我们还将推进服务业扩大开放综合试点示范，指导试点地区开展先行先试和差别化探索。
Second, we will make the best use of platforms for opening up. The MOFCOM will step up efforts to build pilot free trade zones and ports and national economic development zones. These are the major platforms and means for attracting foreign investment. We will build high-quality pilot free trade zones and ports and improve the planning of free trade zones, implement the overall plan for building the Hainan Free Trade Port, and carry out policies that support the liberalization and facilitation of trade and investment. China now has 217 national economic development zones. We need to further expand opening-up, push forward the transformation and upgrading of economic development zones, and build new highlands for reform and opening up in a bid to better serve the new paradigm of development. We will also launch further comprehensive trials for opening up the service sector to guide these pilot areas to take bold steps in exploring new ground and methods that are best suited to local conditions.
三是营造更加优良的营商环境。大家都知道，通过我们不懈的努力，我们国家在世界银行的营商环境排名大幅跃升，2019年到了31位。我们将在党中央、国务院的领导下进一步推动营商环境的改善，落实好外商投资法及其实施条例，开展配套规章的“立改废”，推动“放管服”改革，落实好外资企业投诉工作办法，加大外商合法权益的保护力度，持续推动营商环境的市场化法治化和国际化，使外资在中国有更好的环境、更好的发展、更好的收获。谢谢。
Third, we will create a better business environment. We all know that with unremitting efforts, China has made a big jump in the World Bank's business environment ranking, reaching No. 31 in 2019. Under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, we will further improve the business environment, better implement the Foreign Investment Law and its relevant regulations, enact, revise, and repeal supporting regulations as necessary, and advance reforms to streamline administration and delegate power, improve regulation, and upgrade services. We will well implement the rules on handling complaints from foreign-invested enterprises, intensify the protection of legitimate rights and interests of foreign businessmen, and continuously promote the marketization, legalization and internationalization of business environment. By doing so, foreign investors will get a better environment, better development and better rewards when doing business in China. Thank you.
国际商报记者:
International Business Daily:
中欧双方已经实质性结束中欧投资协定谈判，请问协定什么时候能够签署？您怎么看待中欧经贸关系未来的发展？谢谢。
China and the EU have substantively concluded the negotiations on the Comprehensive Agreement on Investment (CAI), so when will the agreement be signed? How do you see the future development of China-EU economic and trade relations? Thank you.
王文涛:
Wang Wentao:
中欧关系基础稳固，高层交往密切，经贸成果丰硕。去年，习近平主席同欧盟和欧洲国家领导人视频会晤和通话有23次，今年2月与中东欧国家领导人主持召开了中国-中东欧国家领导人峰会，李克强总理去年主持召开了第22次中欧领导人视频会晤，中欧高层互动频繁，互信增加，为中欧的经贸关系奠定了基础，指明了方向。
China-EU relations enjoy a solid foundation, close high-level exchanges, and fruitful economic and trade outcomes. Last year, Chinese President Xi Jinping had 23 online meetings and phone calls with leaders of the EU and European countries. In February, President Xi chaired the Summit of China and Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) via video link. Last year, Chinese Premier Li Keqiang co-hosted the 22nd China-EU leaders' meeting via video link. High-level interactions between China and the EU have increased mutual trust, laid a sound foundation, and indicated the direction for further development of China-EU economic and trade relations.
中国与欧洲国家的经贸关系非常密切，在2020年疫情影响的情况下，展现了巨大的韧性和潜力。我们和欧盟的贸易额增长4.9%，达到了6495亿美元，中国首次跃居欧盟第一大贸易伙伴。双方投资信心不减，欧盟对华直接投资57亿美元，中国对欧直接投资47亿美元。去年我们还签订了地理标志协定，这个协定今年3月1日生效。
China-EU economic and trade relations are very close, and showed great resilience and potential amid the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Bilateral trade volume rose by 4.9% to $649.5 billion, making China the EU's largest trading partner for the first time. The investment confidence of both sides remains undiminished. The EU's direct investment in China reached $5.7 billion, while China's direct investment in the EU reached $4.7 billion. Last year, China and the EU also signed a geographical indications agreement, which will take effect this year on March 1.
你刚才提到的中欧投资协定谈判，已经在去年年底如期完成，谈判的完成是中欧经贸关系当中的一个标志性大事，用欧盟的话讲是个里程碑。这个投资协定是一份高水平、平衡、互利共赢的协定，也为双方的企业创造了很多的投资机会，打造更好的营商环境，这不仅有利于中国，有利于欧盟，同时也有利于世界经济的复苏和增长，这是多赢的。目前，双方正在开展文本的审核、翻译等工作，按照既定的程序，力争早日签订。
As you mentioned, the negotiations on the Comprehensive Agreement on Investment concluded last year as scheduled. This is a landmark in China-EU economic and trade relations. The investment agreement is a high-level, balanced, mutually beneficial and win-win agreement, and provides many investment opportunities for enterprises of both sides. Creating a better business environment will be beneficial not only to China and the EU, but also to the recovery and growth of the world economy. At present, we are carrying out relevant work including text reviewing and translating, and striving to sign it as soon as possible based on established procedures.
我这里再强调一下，中欧是伙伴，不是对手，中欧的合作远大于竞争，双方要在合作中扩大共同利益，在发展中破解难题。中方愿意与欧方继续加强抗疫合作，共同推动中欧经贸、绿色和数字等领域的务实合作，维护全球产业链供应链稳定，助力疫后世界经济的恢复和增长。谢谢。
I would like to emphasize again that China and the EU are partners rather than opponents; cooperation between the two sides is far greater than competition. We should expand common interests through cooperation, and solve problems during development. China is willing to strengthen cooperation with the EU in fighting COVID-19, promote pragmatic cooperation in the fields including economy and trade, , green development and digital economy, and maintain the stability of the global industrial chain and supply chain, so as to contribute to the recovery and growth of the global economy in the post-pandemic era. Thank you.
彭博新闻社记者:
Bloomberg News:
我的问题和中国与澳大利亚的贸易有关，需要发生什么样的情况或者说需要澳方怎么做，中方才会停止禁止进口澳大利亚的煤炭，同时取消其他澳大利亚产品输华的禁令？
My question is about Australian trade. What has to happen for China to end the ban or the block on the importation of Australian coal, and for the removal of other impediments to exports from Australia to China? Thank you.
王受文:
Wang Shouwen:
谢谢您的提问。中国和澳大利亚的经贸关系应该说是有非常好的基础，我们两国之间有自贸协定，中国在过去的12年里，都是澳大利亚最大的贸易伙伴，也是澳大利亚最大的出口市场和进口来源地。双边经贸关系里面的货物贸易、服务贸易、双向投资，澳大利亚方面都有顺差，货物贸易有顺差，服务贸易有顺差，中国对澳大利亚的投资多于澳大利亚对中国的投资，可以说中澳经贸关系给澳大利亚带来了巨大的利益。
Thank you for your question. The economic and trade relationship between China and Australia, I should say, has a very good foundation. There is a free trade agreement between our two countries and in the past 12 years, China has been Australia's largest trading partner and Australia's largest export market and source of imports. In bilateral economic and trade relations, Australia has a surplus in goods trade and service trade. Meanwhile, China's investment in Australia is more than Australia's investment in China so it can be said that China-Australia commercial relationship has brought huge benefits to Australia.
就拿去年来说，大家都知道，由于疫情，世界经济在衰退，澳大利亚对全球贸易是下降的，但是同中国的贸易是增长的。澳大利亚对全球的出口下降幅度达到8%，但是对中国的出口只下降了不到3%。大家可以看出来，中澳双边经贸关系给澳大利亚带来了利益，当然也给中国带来了利益，我们认为这是一个互利共赢的关系，这种经贸关系值得双方珍惜、重视。
Take last year as an example. Everyone knows that the world economy is in recession due to the pandemic and while Australia's global trade declined, its trade with China increased. Australia's global export dropped as much as 8% but its export to China was down by less than 3%. You can see that the China-Australia bilateral economic and trade relationship has brought benefits to Australia, and of course, it also brought benefits to China. We believe that this is a mutually beneficial and win-win relationship. This economic and trade relationship is worth attention and care from both sides.
但非常遗憾的是，澳大利亚国内有一些人对双边经贸关系、投资项目和一些正常的经贸合作往来进行污名化，采取了一些限制性的甚至是歧视性的措施，损害了双边经贸合作的气氛。我们始终认为，健康稳定的中澳关系对于经贸合作是非常有利的，是符合双方共同利益的。我们希望澳大利亚方面能够多做一些有利于增加信任与合作的事情，多做一些符合两国全面战略伙伴关系精神的事情，推动双边经贸关系健康稳定发展。谢谢。
However, it is very regrettable that some individuals in Australia have stigmatized bilateral economic and trade relations, investment projects, and some normal economic and trade cooperation, adopting some restrictive and even discriminatory measures which have damaged bilateral economic and trade cooperation. We always believe that a healthy and stable China-Australia relationship is very beneficial to economic and trade cooperation, and is of common interest for both sides. We hope that Australia can take more actions that are conducive to increasing trust and cooperation and that are more in line with the spirit of the comprehensive strategic partnership between the two countries. This in turn will promote the healthy and stable development of bilateral economic and trade relations. Thank you.
中国新闻社记者:
China News Service:
我们注意到最近有报道称，疫情之下部分“一带一路”建设项目进度受到影响，一些中资企业可能会面临比较高的违约风险。请问，在复杂多变的国际形势下，今后商务部将采取哪些措施引导企业更好“走出去”，服务“一带一路”建设？谢谢。
We have noticed recent reports that the progress of some "Belt and Road" construction projects have been affected due to the pandemic, and some Chinese companies may face a relatively high risk of default. Under the complex and volatile international situation, what measures will the Ministry of Commerce take to guide Chinese enterprises to better "go global" and serve the Belt and Road construction? Thank you.
钱克明:
Qian Keming:
谢谢你的问题。习近平主席提出共建“一带一路”重大倡议以来，中国和相关国家一道，坚持共商共建共享原则，不断深化各领域的务实合作，取得了丰硕的成果。共建“一带一路”已经成为全球瞩目、广受欢迎的国际公共产品，为推动建设开放型世界经济，推动构建人类命运共同体作出了非常重要的贡献。
Thank you for your question. Since President Xi Jinping put forward the major initiative of jointly building the Belt and Road, China and relevant countries have adhered to the principle of extensive consultation, joint contribution, and shared benefits, and have continuously deepened practical cooperation in various fields, achieving fruitful results. The "Road and Belt" initiative has attracted worldwide attention and made very important contributions to promoting the construction of an open world economy and building a community with a shared future for mankind.
去年，面对新冠肺炎疫情等不利因素，中国同相关国家守望相助、共克时艰，推动共建“一带一路”取得了新进展新成效。全年与沿线国家的货物贸易额是1.35万亿美元，同比增长了0.7%。对沿线国家非金融类直接投资是177.9亿美元，同比增长了18.3%，这个数字更高。其中，有中老铁路、雅万高铁、中白工业园等等，我就不一一列举了，这些重大项目也取得了积极进展。
Last year, in the face of unfavorable factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic, China and relevant countries helped each other to overcome difficulties side by side, and promoted the Belt and Road cooperation to achieve new progress and results. The annual trade volume of goods with countries along the Belt and Road route totaled $1.35 trillion, a year-on-year increase of 0.7%. Meanwhile, non-financial direct investment in countries along the route was $17.79 billion, an increase of 18.3% year-on-year. Major projects, including the China-Laos railway, the Jakarta-Bandung high-speed railway, the China-Belarus industrial park, and many others have made positive progress.
党的十九届五中全会对共建“一带一路”作出了新部署，为我们下一步的工作指明了方向。商务部将坚决贯彻落实党中央、国务院决策部署，围绕构建新发展格局，聚焦“一带一路”经贸合作，推动共建“一带一路”高质量发展，今年我们重点将抓四方面的工作：
The fifth plenary session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) made new arrangements for Belt and Road cooperation, which guided our next steps. The Ministry of Commerce will resolutely implement the decisions and deployments of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, centering around building a new development paradigm, focusing on economic and trade cooperation of the Belt and Road, and promoting high-quality Belt and Road cooperation. This year, we will focus our work in four aspects:
第一，提升贸易质量。我们将努力扩大与共建国家的双向贸易，特别是要增加进口优质产品，让更多的国家分享中国超大规模市场的红利。同时，我们要发展“丝路电商”，推进跨境电商等新业态新模式与“一带一路”融合发展，为中欧班列、陆海新通道等贸易大通道建设增添新的动能。同时，我们还要推动建设高标准的自由贸易区，为共建“一带一路”创造自由便利的国际环境。
First, we will improve the quality of trade. We will work hard to expand two-way trade with Belt and Road partner countries, and in particular, increase the import of quality products from these countries so that more countries can share the dividends of our super-sized domestic market. Meanwhile, we need to develop "Silk Road e-commerce", and promote the integrated development of new forms and models of business such as cross-border e-commerce and the BRI to create new impetuses for the construction of major trade passageways such as the China-Europe freight train services and the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor. Simultaneously, we will also promote the establishment of high-standard free trade zones to create a free and convenient international environment for the BRI cooperation.
第二，创新投资合作。我们将通过创新对外投资合作方式、推动对外承包工程升级、拓展第三方市场合作等举措，推动建设一批高质量合作项目，实施一批惠民生的援外项目，鼓励国内有实力的企业走出去。同时，我们要吸引更多的共建国家企业来华投资，推动构建互利共赢的产业链供应链和价值链。
Second, we will make innovations in investment cooperation. We will take measures to innovate overseas investment cooperation, promote upgrading overseas contracted projects, and expand third-party market cooperation. By doing this, we aim to promote the development of high-quality cooperation projects and carry out foreign assistance programs that will benefit the people and encourage capable domestic enterprises to go global. Meanwhile, we need to attract more enterprises from BRI partner countries to invest in China and promote the building of industrial chains, supply chains, and value chains that benefit both sides.
第三，打造平台载体。我们将全力办好第四届进口博览会、2021年中国国际服务贸易交易会等一系列重大展会，发挥广交会、中国东盟博览会、中非经贸博览会、中阿博览会、中俄博览会、中国-中东欧国家博览会等一系列展会平台作用，为深化“一带一路”经贸合作打造更多强有力的支撑平台。
Third, we will establish platforms. We will spare no effort in holding a series of important events including the fourth China International Import Expo and China International Fair for Trade in Services 2021. We will also play a supportive role for platforms such as the China Import and Export Fair, China-ASEAN Expo, China-Africa Economic and Trade Expo, China-Arab States Expo, China-Russia Expo, and China-CEEC Expo, etc., and build more platforms to deepen BRI economic and trade cooperation.
第四，加强机制建设。我们将积极推进与共建国家的战略、规划、机制的对接，在双边经贸联委会、混委会的框架下，建设更多贸易畅通工作组、投资合作工作组，完善服务贸易、电子商务等工作机制，为共建“一带一路”提供制度保障。谢谢。
Fourth, we will strengthen the building of institutions. We will actively boost collaboration in strategies, plans, and mechanisms with BRI partner countries. Within the framework of bilateral economic and trade joint commissions and mixed commissions, we will set up additional working groups for the promotion of unimpeded trade and working groups for investment cooperation, and improve working mechanisms in fields such as trade in services and e-commerce to provide institutional guarantees for the BRI cooperation. Thank you.
陈文俊:
Chen Wenjun:
最后一个问题。
This is the final question.
香港紫荆杂志记者:
Hong Kong's Bauhinia Magazine:
目前全国已设立了21个自贸试验区，请问自贸试验区在构建新发展格局中能发挥怎样的作用？有什么具体的考虑？海南自贸港的建设有哪些新的举措？谢谢。
So far, 21 pilot free trade zones (FTZs) have been established in China. What roles can these pilot FTZs play in fostering a new development paradigm? What are the specific considerations? What are the new measures for the construction of the Hainan Free Trade Port? Thank you.
王文涛:
Wang Wentao:
谢谢你的问题，这个问题我来回答。习近平总书记指出，要把构建新发展格局同实施国家区域协调发展战略、建设自由贸易试验区等衔接起来，打造改革开放新高地。正如您刚才说的，七年多来，设立了21个自贸试验区，形成了覆盖全国东西南北中的改革开放创新格局，而且已经累计向全国推广复制260项制度创新成果，有效发挥了全面深化改革和扩大开放试验田的作用。你刚才问的问题，发挥了什么作用，最重要的作用是深化改革开放试验田的作用。应该说，在新发展格局当中，它的作用会越来越大，大有可为。
Thank you for your question. I'll answer this one. General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out that we need to link up the construction of a new development pattern with the implementation of the strategy for coordinated regional development and the construction of pilot free trade zones to create a new highland of reforms and opening-up. As you mentioned, China has set up 21 pilot FTZs, which has formed a nationwide pattern of reform, opening-up and innovation. A total of 260 achievements of institutional innovations have been replicated and applied across the country, effectively giving full play to their role as a pilot ground for deepening all-round reform and expanding opening up on all fronts. The most important role played by pilot FTZs is the pilot ground for deepening reform and opening-up. It is fair to say that they will play an increasingly larger role in, and make great contributions to, shaping a new development pattern.
下一步有什么具体考虑，我们主要从四个方面考虑，归纳一下叫“四个相”：一是市场相通；二是规则相联；三是产业相融；四是创新相促。我稍微展开一下。
Regarding specific considerations for the next step, we will mainly work on four aspects, namely, connecting markets, coordinating rules, integrating industries, and mutually promoting innovation. I'd like to provide more details regarding these.
市场相通，以深层次改革促进市场相通，我们将继续赋予自贸试验区更大的改革自主权，提出更多先行先试的深层次改革事项，通过改革来打通国内国际市场相通的堵点和难点。进一步优化市场化、法治化、国际化的营商环境，激发市场主体的活力和动力。同时，形成更多的创新成果，只要有成熟的成果，我们就向全国复制推广。
We will boost connectivity between markets with profound reform measures. We will continue to grant greater autonomy in reform to pilot free trade zones, put forward more preliminary measures of profound reform, and break down barriers and solve difficulties existing in connecting domestic and global markets. We will further optimize our business environment, which is based on market principles, governed by law, and meets international standards, to energize market entities. In the meantime, we will work to foster more innovative measures and promote them across the country as long as they are proven to be effective.
规则相联，以高水平开放推动规则相联，我们既要推动要素流动型的开放，也要推动制度型的开放，所以借自贸试验区，我们可以推动规则相联，就是要推动自贸试验区对接高水平的国际经贸规则，如通过对接国际经贸规则来制定出台自贸试验区跨境服务贸易的负面清单，深化规则、规制、管理、标准等制度型开放。就是我前面讲的，我们既要有要素流动型开放，也要有制度型开放，通过自贸试验区深化规则、规制、管理、标准，推动我们的制度型开放，形成更高水平的开放。
We will promote the connectivity of rules with high-quality opening-up measures. Whilst promoting opening-up based on the flow of production factors, we also need to foster opening up based on related institutions. Thus, we can promote the connectivity of rules via free trade zones. This means that we will work to elevate our pilot free trade zone to high-level international economic and trade standards. By doing so, we will draw up and publish negative lists for cross-border service trade for our pilot free trade zones and further promote institutional opening-up such as those concerning rules, regulations, management, and standards. Just as I've mentioned, opening up must be based not only on the flow of production factors but also on institutions. By further improving the rules, regulations, and management standards of free trade zones, we will foster institutional opening up, and achieve a higher level of opening-up.
产业相融，以产业链开放加快产业相融。自贸试验区是21个，覆盖东西南北中，各个地方有自己的资源禀赋和产业特点，我们鼓励自贸试验区结合各地的战略定位和资源禀赋，形成自己改革开放的一些特点特色，特别是形成特色的优势产业，聚焦优质市场主体，引领国内产业转型发展，提升产业链供应链水平，实现高质量发展。
We will promote the integrated development of industries by opening up the industrial chain. There are 21 pilot free trade zones across China, each with its resource advantages and industrial features. We encourage pilot free trade zones to develop their unique features of reform and opening-up based on their strategic position and resource advantages. That includes developing businesses that leverage local strengths with a focus on high-quality market entities so that they can act as leaders in domestic industrial transformation, improve the quality of the industrial and supply chain, and achieve high-quality development.
创新相促，以高端要素的集聚推动创新相促。我们将支持自贸试验区集聚更多国内外的资源要素，特别是人才要素、资本要素、技术要素，现在还要加上数据要素等要素的集聚，加强国际交流合作，聚焦基础研究和原始创新，打造成科技创新的策源地，为高水平的发展，特别是创新发展提供动力。
We will foster innovation by pooling high-end factors of production. We will support pilot free trade zones by pooling more resources from China and abroad, especially talent, capital, technology, and data. We will strengthen international communication and cooperation, focus on basic research, and step up original innovation. By doing so, we will work to make pilot free trade zones the cradle of sci-tech innovation, and foster driving forces for high-quality and innovative development.
这里讲一下海南自由贸易港，大家都比较关注。海南自贸港的建设是我国改革开放的一个标杆，一面旗帜，也是一项重要的举措和全新的探索。去年，海南自贸港建设的总体方案发布以后，出现了一些非常可喜的现象，据海南省报告的数据，去年的地区生产总值增长3.5%，高于全国平均水平。货物进出口增长3%，都高于全国平均水平。特别是总体方案发布以后，政策的效应开始显现，我们看到，全年新设市场主体31万户，增长30.9%；新设外资企业1005家，同比增长197.3%；引进人才12.2万人，同比增长177%。大家关注的离岛免税购物新政策实施以后，到去年年底离岛免税的日均销售额超过1.2亿元，同比增长2倍多。海南自由贸易港前景很光明。
I would also like to elaborate on the Hainan free trade port as it has drawn wide attention. The building of the Hainan free trade port has acted as a model and a flagship of China's reform and opening-up efforts. It also represents a significant and novel approach in this field. Since the release of the master plan for the Hainan free trade port last year, we have seen some promising results. According to statistics from Hainan province, its regional GDP in 2020 grew by 3.5% and the import and export of goods increased by 3%, both higher than the national average. Policies also started to pay off since the master plan was released. A total of 310,000 new market entities were established in 2020, up 30.9%. Meanwhile, 1,005 new foreign companies opened businesses in Hainan, up 197.3% year-on-year. The province attracted some 122,000 talents overall, up 177% year-on-year. Since implementing the offshore duty-free policy, the average daily sales of offshore duty-free shops in Hainan exceeded 120 million yuan by the end of 2020, up more than 200% year-on-year. The future of the Hainan free trade port is very promising.
下一步，我们将深入学习贯彻习近平总书记关于海南自由贸易港建设的重要指示精神，紧紧围绕国家发展大局、重大战略，大力推进总体方案确定的各项目标任务、政策举措落实落细，不断提升贸易投资的自由化便利化，推动海南自由贸易港建设取得更大进展。谢谢。
Next, we will fully grasp and put into practice General Secretary Xi Jinping's important instructions on building the Hainan free trade port, stay focused on China's overall development and major strategies, and spare no effort to effectively implement all tasks and polices stipulated in the master plan in a bid to continuously promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation and secure greater progress in building the Hainan free trade port. Thank you.
陈文俊:
Chen Wenjun:
谢谢王文涛部长和王受文副部长、钱克明副部长，谢谢各位记者朋友，今天的发布会到此结束，谢谢大家。
Thank you to all the speakers and friends from the media. Today's press conference is hereby concluded. Thank you.

来源：国新办 日期：2021年2月28

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