寿小丽:
Shou Xiaoli:
女士们、先生们，大家下午好！欢迎出席国务院新闻办公室吹风会。上两周，我们举办了两场新闻发布会、吹风会，请国务院港澳办新闻发言人介绍对香港当前事态的立场和看法，受到大家的关注。很多记者向我们反映，希望能采访到更多方面的人士。
Ladies and gentlemen, good afternoon. Welcome to this press conference. In the past two weeks, we have held two press conferences and invited the spokespersons of the Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office of the State Council to introduce its views and position on the current situation in Hong Kong. The two press conferences have attracted great public attention. Many journalists have told us that they wanted to interview more people coming from more walks of life.
根据大家的需求，今天我们请来了7位相关领域的专家出席我们的吹风会，请他们从各自角度谈一下他们个人对香港当前事态的看法。这几位专家是：中国人民大学“一国两制”法律研究所所长、中国人民大学法学院教授、全国人大常委会香港基本法委员会委员韩大元先生；北京大学法学院教授、全国人大常委会澳门基本法委员会委员陈端洪先生；中山大学粤港澳发展研究院副院长、研究员，政治与公共事务管理学院教授何俊志先生；深圳大学港澳基本法研究中心主任、法学院教授邹平学先生；清华大学社会科学学院副院长、教授，全球共同发展研究院副院长赵可金先生；上海国际问题研究院港澳研究室主任、世界政党与政治研究中心秘书长张建先生；北京航空航天大学一国两制法律研究中心执行主任、人文与社会科学高等研究院、法学院副教授田飞龙先生。
To meet your request, today, we have invited seven experts from related areas of study. They will share their personal views on the current situation in Hong Kong from different perspectives. They are: Mr. Han Dayuan, director of the Institute for One Country Two Systems, professor of the Law School, Renmin University of China, member of the HKSAR Basic Law Committee of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC); Mr. Chen Duanhong, professor of the Law School, Peking University, member of the Macao SAR Basic Law Committee of the NPC Standing Committee; Mr. He Junzhi, vice dean and research fellow of the Institute for Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao Development Studies, professor of the School of Government, Sun Yat-sen University; Mr. Zou Pingxue, director of the Center for Basic Laws of Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions, professor of the Law School, Shenzhen University; Mr. Zhao Kejin, vice dean and professor of the School of Social Sciences, vice dean of the Institute of Global Development, Tsinghua University; Mr. Zhang Jian, director of Hong Kong and Macao Studies, secretary general of the Center for World Parties and Political Studies, the Shanghai Institute of International Studies; and Mr. Tian Feilong, executive director of Center for Legal Studies in Regard to the One Country Two Systems, associate professor of the Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences and the Law School, Beihang University.
下面先请韩大元先生作介绍。
Now, I will give the floor to Mr. Han Dayuan.
韩大元:
Han Dayuan:
各位记者朋友，大家下午好！因为今天来的专家比较多，我了解他们的专业领域，所以根据大家的提问，我会适当做一些主持人的工作。我先说几句。
Media friends, good afternoon. Today, there are several experts at this press conference. I am familiar with the focus of their academic studies, so I might act as an informal host on some occasions according to your questions. Now, please allow me to say a few initial words.
自修例引发香港社会的争议，特别是出现了持续非法集会和暴力行径以来，大家对香港目前面临的严峻形势感到担忧、不安和焦虑，特别是13号晚上在香港国际机场发生了部分非法集会者违背法治、阻碍大批中外旅客出入境自由、殴打旅客和记者，甚至是捆绑记者的双手，非法限制人身自由的暴力事件，这是对法治的公然挑战，也是对香港作为法治社会的非常严重的伤害。
Since the proposal to amend two ordinances aroused social controversy in Hong Kong, especially after continuous illegal assemblies and violent acts occurred, the public have felt anxious and uneasy about the present severe situation of Hong Kong. In particular, on the night of Aug. 13, a violent act involving the illegal restriction of personal freedom took place. Some of the illegal assembly participants, against the rule of law, hindered the freedom of exit and entrance of a large amount of Chinese and foreign passengers, assaulted a passenger and a journalist, and even tied up the hands of the journalist. This is an open challenge to the rule of law, and is causing grave damage to Hong Kong's status as a society under the rule of law.
我们可以看到，当法治受损害，法治失去它的权威的时候，我们每个人也是不安全的。法治是我们人类文明的共同价值，也是现代社会的基本生活方式。我们之所以需要法治，就是因为法治保障公民的自由、尊严和安全，维护社会秩序，同时法治很重要的功能就是为社会和公众提供一个稳定的预期。所以我们说，法治的基本要义就是政府依法施政、市民守法、司法独立，尊重已有的规则和法律程序。
We can see that no one can be safe if the rule of law is damaged and the majesty of the rule of law is lost. The rule of law is a common value of human civilizations. It is the basic way of life in modern society. We need the rule of law because it can guarantee the freedom, dignity and security of all citizens and maintain social order. Meanwhile, an important function of the rule of law is to provide society and the public with a stable expectation. Therefore, the essence of the rule of law is that the government should govern according to the law, citizens should abide by the law, the judiciary should be independent, and existing rules and law procedures should be respected.
正是基于对法治条件下的秩序、安全和自由的稳定的信心，香港才成为繁荣、美丽的东方之珠。我们看到一个统计数字，香港法治的指数，1996年未回归时在全球排名才60多位，到2018年大幅度提高到第16位，法治成为香港社会的基本共识和核心价值，也是我们香港人最为自豪的一个价值观。但是，近期香港发生的一系列暴力事件，严重破坏了法治价值，超越了法治社会基本底线，让全社会、全国人民都极为痛心。
It is just on the basis of long-term confidence in the good order, security and freedom ensured by the rule of law that Hong Kong has become the prosperous and beautiful Pearl of the Orient. We have noted the statistics that Hong Kong ranked only around the 60th position globally in terms of the rule of law index in 1996 before its return to the motherland. In 2018, the ranking increased significantly to 16th. The rule of law has become the basic consensus and core value of Hong Kong society, and also the value that Hong Kong people are most proud of. However, the latest series of violent incidents have seriously undermined the value of the rule of law, gone beyond the basic bottom line of a society based on the rule of law, and deeply distressed the whole society and the people of the whole country.
在法治社会，言论自由、游行、集会等自由是受到严格保障的，香港基本法、香港本地法律为公民行使这些自由提供了充分保障。但是，任何自由的行使都必须要遵循法治的原则，比如说《香港人权法案条例》第17条明确要求，和平集会的权利不能危害国家安全、公共安宁和秩序。在社会生活当中，不同人士的政治分歧、对政府施政的不同意见、不同诉求的存在是正常的，否则的话我们就不需要法治了。但是，法治首先是规则之治，要尊重和遵守有效的法律规则，严格按照法律规则办事。如果我们对某些法律政策，包括对政府公共政策不满意、对法律不满意，可以通过法定的程序修改完善，在有些领域里，我们需要一个新的法律，有一个完善的法律程序来制定新的法律。但是，任何无视规则、破坏规则、超越法治的政治诉求，最终也会伤害法治本身。
In a society based on the rule of law, freedoms of speech, procession and assembly are strictly guaranteed. The Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) and the local laws of the HKSAR provide adequate guarantees for the people to exercise these freedoms. However, the exercise of any freedom must follow the requirements of rule of law. For example, Article 17 of the Hong Kong Bill of Rights Ordinance explicitly requires that the right of peaceful assembly must not endanger national security and public safety, or disturb public order. In social life, it is normal that different people hold different political views, different opinions and different demands in regard to governance; if that wasn't true, we wouldn't need the rule of law. The rule of law firstly means a principle of governance and we must respect and abide by effective laws and rules, and act strictly in accordance with what is set by the laws. If we are not satisfied with certain laws and policies, including the government's public policies and laws, we can seek to revise and improve them through legal procedures. If we need a new law in some fields, there is a sound legal process to achieve this objective. However, any political demand that ignores rules, breaks rules and goes beyond the rule of law will ultimately hurt the rule of law.
我们大家都知道，自回归以来，宪法和基本法共同构成香港宪制秩序的基础。宪法和基本法明确了香港特别行政区在一国下的法律地位，明确了中央和特别行政区的关系，这些规定是“一国两制”和基本法的核心要义，也是香港法治的根基。“一国两制”和基本法的首要目的就是维护国家主权、国家统一和领土完整，始终维护香港的繁荣与稳定。任何挑战国家主权、国家统一的行为，都是对“一国两制”原则底线的触碰，也是香港法律秩序所不能容忍的。
As we all know, since Hong Kong's return to the motherland, the Constitution and the Basic Law of the HKSAR have jointly formed the foundation of Hong Kong's constitutional order. They clarify the legal status of the HKSAR under "one country," and the relationship between the central government and the region. These provisions are the core essence of the principle of "one country, two systems" and the Basic Law, and also are the foundation of the rule of law in Hong Kong. The primary objective of the principle of "one country, two systems" and the Basic Law is to safeguard national sovereignty, national unification and territorial integrity, and maintain Hong Kong's prosperity and stability. Any act that challenges national sovereignty and national unification breaches the bottom line of the principle of "one country, two systems," and cannot be tolerated by Hong Kong's legal order, either.
各位记者，面对严重的暴力和社会的撕裂，目前解决问题的唯一途径就是全社会要回到法治的轨道，守护法治，依法凝聚共识。我看不出有比回归法治更好的解决问题的途径或者方法，我也相信这也是绝大多数香港市民的基本共识。经过两个多月的风波，人们都期待以法治的方式解决香港社会目前面临的各种争议。前天，香港机场管理局取得了香港高等法院做出的临时禁制令。根据禁制令，任何非法阻碍和干扰机场秩序的人要承担法律责任，违反禁制令的法律后果是很严重的，有可能被判藐视法庭罪。
Dear media friends, in the face of serious violence and social division, the only way to solve the problem right now is that the whole of society should return to the track of rule of law, protect it and reach consensus in accordance with its provisions. I don't see any other way or method to solve problems but to return to the rule of law. I believe this is also the basic consensus of the vast majority of Hong Kong citizens. After more than two months of turmoil, people are hoping to solve various controversies currently facing Hong Kong society in a legal way. The day before yesterday, the Airport Authority Hong Kong obtained an interim injunction granted by Hong Kong's High Court, under which any person who unlawfully obstructs and interferes with airport operations must bear full legal responsibility. The legal consequences of violating the injunction are very serious. In fact. violators may be convicted of criminal contempt of court.
从这样一个个案，我们已经看到，机场的秩序开始恢复，我们对香港的法治保持信心。虽然目前香港的法治正面临着严峻的挑战，但是香港有深厚的法治传统，法治的力量会消除各种纷争，能够弥合分歧，重获共识，让香港社会尽快恢复秩序和安全。
From such cases, we can see that the airport is beginning to recover and we have confidence in the rule of law in Hong Kong. Although it has been facing serious challenges in recent times, Hong Kong has a deep legal tradition, and the power of the rule of law is able to settle all kinds of disputes, bridge differences, regain consensus, helping Hong Kong society to quickly restore order and public security.
我们作为从事法学和政治学研究的学者，也关注香港目前面临的问题，愿意跟各位记者交流近期香港的局势，特别是就法治相关的话题进行交流。当然，我们不是新闻发言人，我们是学者，我们的一些观点只是作为一种学者的看法。谢谢各位。
As scholars engaged in study of law and politics, we are also concerned about problems facing Hong Kong and are willing to share with journalists our views concerning the recent situation in Hong Kong, particularly on issues related to the rule of law. Nevertheless, we are scholars, not press spokespersons, so some of our views can only been considered from an academic viewpoint. Thank you.
寿小丽:
Shou Xiaoli:
感谢韩大元教授。下面我们进入答问环节，提问之前，请记者通报一下所在的新闻机构。请大家提问。
Thank you, Professor Han Dayuan. Now, the floor is open for questions. Please identify the news organization you represent before asking questions.

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