继承和发扬万隆精神 推进当代世界的国际法治
Carry Forward the Bandung Spirit and Advance the International Rule of Law in Today’s World
——张业遂副部长在亚非法协第54届年会纪念万隆会议60周年特别会议上的讲话
– Address by H.E. Executive Vice Foreign Minister Zhang Yesui at the Special Event on Commemorating the 60th Anniversary of the Bandung Conference of the 54th Annual Session of the Asian-African Legal Consultative Organization
2015年4月13日下午2:00，北京
Beijing, 13 April 2015
尊敬的各位部长、代表和朋友们：
Distinguished Ministers,
Delegates,
Friends,
60年前，来自29个亚非国家的代表齐聚印尼万隆，召开了亚非国家自主决定前途命运的万隆会议，向世界宣告发展中国家作为一支重要新生力量登上国际舞台，掀开了亚非历史的新篇章。
Sixty years ago, delegates from 29 Asian and African countries gathered in Bandung, Indonesia, for a conference to decide their own future and destiny. They proclaimed to the world the emergence of developing countries on the world stage as a new, important force, thus opening a new chapter in the history of Asia and Africa.
万隆会议高举“团结、友谊、合作”旗帜，确立亚非人民反帝反殖、求同存异和共谋发展的共同使命，创造了“万隆精神”，为建立公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序奠定了重要思想和政治基础，成为广大发展中国家通过联合自强维护世界和平、实现民族独立、建设富强国家的光辉指针。
The Conference gave birth to the Bandung Spirit, calling for solidarity, friendship and cooperation and recognizing the common mission of Asian and African people to fight imperialism and colonialism, seek common ground while shelving differences, and pursue common development. The Bandung Spirit has since served as an important intellectual and political foundation for building a new international political and economic order that is just and equitable, and provided brilliant guidance for developing countries to seek strength through unity and work together for world peace as well as national independence and prosperity.
会议发布的《最后公报》包括著名的《促进世界和平和合作的宣言》，提出了处理国家关系的万隆会议“十项原则”，强调主权、人权、平等、合作，体现了《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则。万隆会议“十项原则”与和平共处五项原则一道，共同成为国际社会普遍承认的国际关系和国际法基本准则。万隆会议“十项原则”发出了被压迫民族要求独立自主、尊严平等的正义呼声，为相同或不同社会制度的国家建立和发展友好关系提供了指导原则，为和平解决国家间历史遗留问题和国际争端指明了有效途径，为促进亚非国家的团结合作作出了历史性贡献。
The Conference released a Final Communiqué, and the Ten Principles of Bandung on handling state-to-state relations was put forward in the well-known Declaration on the Promotion of World Peace and Cooperation contained in the Communiqué. The Ten Principles underscored sovereignty, human rights, equality and cooperation, and embodied the purposes and principles of the UN Charter. The Ten Principles and the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence became a widely recognized set of norms for international relations and international law. The Ten Principles represented a just call for independence, dignity and equality from the oppressed nations, serving as a guiding principle for countries with the same or different social systems to build and grow friendly relations, pointing out an effective way for those seeking peaceful solutions to outstanding historical issues between countries and disputes in the world, and making historic contribution to the solidarity and cooperation among Asian and African countries.
60年后的今天，国际格局再次处于历史转折的关键节点，经历着深刻复杂的沧桑巨变。环顾世界，多极化和全球化深入发展，民主化和法治化渐入人心，国与国之间相互依存更加紧密，命运共同体意识不断增强。放眼亚非，发展中国家群体性崛起，两大洲无论发展潜力还是发展活力均首屈一指。这是亚非国家团结奋斗的结果，对此我们有理由感到自豪！
Sixty years on, the world once again finds itself at a historical juncture amid profound and complicated changes. In today’s world, multipolarity and globalization are gathering momentum. Democracy and the rule of law are garnering growing support. And countries are becoming increasingly interdependent with a stronger sense of community of common destiny. In today’s Asia and Africa, developing countries are rising as a group. The two continents are leading the world in terms of both development potential and dynamism. This is attributable to the united efforts of Asian and African countries. We have every reason to be proud of ourselves.
与此同时，国际安全形势仍然存在很大的不确定性，传统和非传统安全威胁相互交织，“数字鸿沟”加剧“发展鸿沟”，南北差距并未缩小，发展问题依然突出。亚非国家共同面临着维护国家安全和社会稳定、加快经济社会发展和改善民生的艰巨任务，共同面临着改革国际治理架构、完善国际治理规则和提升自身国际话语影响的重大课题。
Nevertheless, the international security situation still faces a lot of uncertainties. Traditional and non-traditional security threats are intertwined. The digital divide has compounded the development gap. The North-South gap is yet to be narrowed. And development issues are becoming more acute. Asian and African countries are all faced with the daunting tasks of upholding national security and social stability, accelerating economic and social development, and improving people’s living standard. We all have the important mission of reforming the global governance architecture, improving global governance rules, and raising our voice and influence in the world.
当此历史关头，我们亚非法协成员国在此隆重纪念“万隆会议”60周年，就是要弘扬“万隆精神”，践行“十项原则”，推动国际法治，维护发展中国家的制度性权利，化解发展中国家面临的风险挑战，促进和平发展，实现公平正义，构建合作共赢的新型国际关系。
At this historical moment, we, member states of the Asian-African Legal Consultative Organization, are gathered here to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the Bandung Conference. The purpose of this event is to carry forward the Bandung Spirit, implement the Ten Principles of Bandung, advance the international rule of law, uphold institutional rights and interests of developing countries, address risks and challenges confronting the developing countries, promote peace and development, pursue equity and justice, and build a new type of international relations featuring win-win cooperation.
一、要通过国际法治维护和平稳定。国际法必须为国家提供基本的存续和安全保障。二战以来，世界保持了70年的总体和平，以联合国为核心的集体安全制度和国际法的规范发挥了重要作用。但是，在国际关系中非法使用武力的行径仍然存在，以一己价值观念或判断标准为借口，干涉他国内部事务，甚至煽动内乱、鼓动分裂、颠覆合法政权的行为时有发生。国际社会必须继续坚定维护《联合国宪章》的权威，坚持尊重国家主权和领土完整，坚定捍卫国家独立、主权平等、不干涉内政、和平解决争端的国际法基本原则，反对战争，反对侵略，反对武力威胁和非法使用武力，维护《联合国宪章》所确立的止战维和的安全保障机制。
First, we need to uphold peace and stability through the international rule of law. International law must provide countries with the basic survival and security guarantee. Since the end of WWII, the world has maintained overall peace for 70 years. The collective security regime with the UN at the core and norms of international law have played an important role. However, unlawful use of force in international relations still exists, and there are still attempts of taking one’s own values or judgment criteria as an excuse for arbitrary interference in other countries’ internal affairs, or even stirring up domestic turmoil and division and overthrowing legitimate governments. The international community must continue to firmly uphold the authority of the UN Charter, respect countries’ sovereignty and territorial integrity, stand fast for the basic principles of international law such as national independence, sovereign equality, non-interference in internal affairs and peaceful settlement of disputes, oppose war, aggression and threat and use of force, and uphold the safeguard mechanisms established by the UN Charter to prevent war and preserve peace.
二、要通过国际法治促进合作共赢。在全球化时代，国与国之间相互依存空前紧密，利益共生不断深化，必须强化共同体意识，通过合作寻求共赢。与此相适应，国际法治应该从确保和平共存迈向推动合作，逐步建立和完善一套以平等互利、合作共赢为基础的权利义务体系。当前，对2015年后发展议程的讨论正处于关键阶段，国际社会作为一个整体，应更多关注发展权和解决贫困问题，建立完善国际法律制度，确保发展中国家从全球化进程中获益，实现共同发展。同时，还要通过国际法规则的制订和适用，有效应对恐怖主义、气候变化、自然灾害、重大疫情、跨国犯罪等非传统安全挑战，加紧构建和完善网络、海底、极地、外空等人类发展“新疆域”的制度安排，合作解决人类面临的共同难题。
Second, we need to promote win-win cooperation through the international rule of law. In a globalized world, countries are more interdependent than ever before with their interests increasingly intertwined. It is vital to forge a sense of community and seek benefits to all through cooperation. Therefore, the international rule of law should move beyond ensuring peaceful coexistence toward promoting cooperation. Steps should be taken to build a sound system of rights and obligations featuring equality, mutual benefit and cooperation. Currently, the discussions on the post-2015 development agenda are at a crucial stage. The international community, as a whole, need to pay more attention to the right to development and the issue of poverty alleviation, improve the international legal system and ensure that developing countries benefit from globalization and achieve common development. It should also, through formulation and application of rules of international law, effectively tackle non-traditional challenges such as terrorism, climate change, natural disasters, pandemics, and transnational crime and work more actively to build sound institutional arrangements for new frontiers of human development like cyberspace, seabed, polar regions and outer space to address common challenges of mankind through concerted efforts.
三、要通过国际法治倡导包容互鉴。一花独放不是春，百花齐放春满园。国际法治的根本精神是相互尊重，必须全面平衡地反映国际社会的多元诉求和共同利益，必须确保各国人民结合自身的历史、文化和传统，自主选择政治社会制度和发展道路的权利，必须提倡不同文明和法系的兼容并蓄，必须在确保国际法基本原则统一适用的同时，照顾和体现不同地区、不同族群的关切和特色。
Third, we need to uphold inclusiveness and mutual learning through the international rule of law. As we often say in China, a single flower does not make spring, while one hundred flowers in full blossom bring spring to the garden. The fundamental spirit of the international rule of law is mutual respect. It is vital to reflect different voices and common interests of the international community in a comprehensive and balanced manner and ensure the right of people in different countries to independently choose their political and social systems and development paths that suit their own history, culture and tradition. It is necessary to advocate inclusiveness and mutual learning between different civilizations and legal systems. While ensuring universal application of basic principles of international law, the concerns and uniqueness of different regions and groups must be considered and reflected.
四、要通过国际法治实现公平正义。历史上国际法多体现大国强国意志，发展中国家的诉求没有得到充分反映。今天，发展中国家作为一个整体，联合自强意识增强，对世界和平与发展的贡献提升，在国际事务中的分量和影响增大，理应在未来的国际秩序中占有更重要位置，担负更大责任。国际法治必须与时俱进，才能进一步改进国际政治经济秩序中的不合理因素，推进国际关系民主化进程，保障发展中国家的制度性权利。应着力推进国际机制的程序透明度和正当性，提高国际立法进程中发展中国家的代表性和参与度，提升发展中国家设定和推动重大全球性议题的能力，确保发展中国家同发达国家一样拥有平等的表达、参与和决策的机会。
Fourth, we need to realize equity and justice through the international rule of law. In history, mostly reflecting the will of major powers, international law failed to fully accommodate the aspirations of developing countries. Today, developing countries, as a whole, have heightened their sense of seeking strength through unity, made bigger contribution to world peace and development, and gained more weight and influence in international affairs. As such, they should have a more important position and more responsibilities in the new international order. The international rule of law needs to be responsive to the changing times to further address flaws in the international political and economic order, promote democracy in international relations and safeguard the institutional rights and interests of developing countries. It is vital to stress the importance of the procedural transparency and due process of international mechanisms, increase the representation and participation of developing countries in the international legislation process, enhance developing countries’ capacity of setting and advancing major global agenda, and ensure equal opportunities for developing countries in expression, participation and decision-making as developed countries.
各位部长、代表和朋友们，
Ministers,
Delegates,
Friends,
中国是发展中国家的一员，珍视同发展中国家的兄弟情义，始终把加强同发展中国家的友好合作作为中国外交政策的基石。无论国际风云如何变幻，中国将始终坚定地同广大发展中国家站在一起。
China, as a member of the developing world, cherishes its brotherly relations with other developing countries and takes friendship and cooperation with them as bedrock of its foreign policy. Whatever changes may take place in the international landscape, China will stand firmly with other developing countries.
中国将继续奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，坚定不移走和平发展道路，积极践行和平共处五项原则和万隆“十项原则”，致力于构建以合作共赢为核心的新型国际关系。
China will continue to follow the independent foreign policy of peace and the path of peaceful development, implement the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence and the Ten Principles of Bandung and endeavor to build a new type of international relations featuring win-win cooperation.
各位部长、代表和朋友们，
Ministers,
Delegates,
Friends,
几天之后，纪念万隆会议60周年的亚非峰会将在印尼召开；今年9月，我们将齐聚纽约纪念联合国成立70周年。加强亚非团结合作，实现亚非发展振兴，是时代赋予我们的崇高使命。让我们携起手来，继承和发扬“万隆精神”，为了我们共同的尊严和福祉而不懈努力！
In a few days’ time, the Asian-African Summit to commemorate the 60th anniversary of the Bundang Conference will be held in Indonesia. And in September, we will gather in New York to commemorate the 70th anniversary of the founding of the UN. To achieve greater unity, cooperation, development and revitalization in Asia and Africa is a noble mission bestowed upon us by our times. Let us work together to carry forward the Bandung Spirit and work tirelessly for common dignity and wellbeing.
谢谢大家。
Thank you.
来源：中国外交部网
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