凤凰卫视记者：
Phoenix Satellite TV:
我们看到这本白皮书，刚才讲到是党的十八大之后的首次综合型白皮书。跟之前的白皮书作了简单比较，发现在安全形势判断部分有比较大的变化，尤其在国家安全领域风险这部分，非常明确地提出“反分裂斗争形势更加严峻”，这在过去只是点到，并没有明确列出来安全威胁具体有什么，并且“更加严峻”这个用词也与以往有所不同。请问，这样的变化是怎样考虑的？谢谢。
As has been mentioned, this is the first comprehensive white paper issued since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC). After a simple comparison with previous white papers, I find relatively large changes in the evaluation of the security situation, especially in the area of risks from the aspect of national security. It very clearly states that the situation regarding the "fight against separatists is becoming more acute". This was only briefly mentioned in the past and it was never explicitly stated from where the security threats came. This time it is different and the use of the term "more acute" is also different. So, can you please tell us what considerations went into making these changes? Thank you.
吴谦：
Wu Qian:
白皮书讲到反分裂斗争的形势更加严峻，依据只有一个，那就是事实。因为大家可以看到，民进党自上台以来顽固坚持“台独”分裂立场，拒不承认“九二共识”，对内推行渐进“台独”，对外企图挟洋自重，在分裂道路上越走越远，这是有目共睹的事实。通过白皮书我们想传达的信号是非常清晰明确的：搞“台独”就是死路一条，中国一点也不能少。我们愿意尽最大的努力，争取和平统一的前景，但是我们决不允许任何人、任何组织、任何政党、在任何时候、以任何形式、把任何一块中国领土从中国分裂出去。
When the white paper talks about the fight against separatists being "more acute ", it is based on only one thing, and that is the fact. As you can see, the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) stubbornly sticks to "Taiwan independence" since it came to power, refuses to recognize the 1992 Consensus, and promotes a gradual independence within the island. By seeking the help of foreign powers to intervene, they have gone further down the path of separatism. This is a fact that is obvious to all. The signal we want to convey through the white paper is very clear and straightforward: seeking "Taiwan independence" would go nowhere, and China will not allow the loss of a single inch of its sovereign territory. We want to do our utmost to strive for the prospect of peaceful reunification, and will never allow the secession of any part of its territory by anyone, any organization or any political party by any means at any time.
中央广播电视总台国广记者：
CRI:
我们知道，习近平主席非常重视从思想上政治上建设军队，明确提出政治建军是我军的根本性建设，能否介绍一下党的十八大以来军队思想政治建设情况。
As we know, President Xi Jinping has attached vital importance to raise political awareness in the military, which is also seen as a fundamental task for our armed forces. Could you give us an introduction on raising political awareness in the military after the CPC's 18th National Congress?
潘庆华：
Pan Qinghua:
谢谢你的问题。政治工作是我军的生命线，也是我军的最大特色和最大优势。党的十八大以来，军队政治工作紧紧围绕实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦，紧紧围绕实现党在新时代的强军目标、把人民军队全面建成世界一流军队，大力改进加强和创新发展，充分发挥了对强军兴军的生命线作用。最根本、最重要的是牢固确立习近平强军思想的指导地位，坚决维护习近平总书记党中央的核心、全党的核心地位，坚决维护党中央权威和集中统一领导，贯彻中央军委主席负责制，全军政治意识、大局意识、核心意识、看齐意识进一步增强。
Thanks for your question. Political work is the lifeline of the PLA, as well as its most prominent characteristic and greatest strength. Since the Party's 18th National Congress, in order to achieve the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation and the goal of developing world-class forces in an all-round way, we have made great efforts to reinforce and improve political work and catalyzed innovative development. China's armed forces unswervingly take Xi Jinping's thinking on strengthening the military as the guidance, firmly uphold Xi Jinping's position as the core of the CPC Central Committee and the whole Party, firmly uphold the authority of the Central Committee and its centralized and unified leadership, and follow the CMC Chairman responsibility system, in an effort to further strengthen the consciousness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core and keep in alignment.
集中体现在三个方面：一是紧盯军队过去存在的一些突出问题，印发《关于新形势下军队政治工作若干问题的决定》，坚定不移推进政治整训，重整政治纲纪，把理想信念、党性原则、战略标准、政治工作威信等根本性的东西牢固立起来。二是召开中央军委党的建设会议，着力抓好党的政治建设，严肃党的政治生活，锻造坚强有力的党组织，全面加强新时代军队党的领导和党的建设工作。三是适应强军目标要求，把握新形势下筑魂育人的特点规律，着力培养有灵魂、有本事、有血性、有品德的新时代革命军人，锻造具有铁一般信仰、铁一般信念、铁一般纪律、铁一般担当的过硬部队。
It is reflected in the following three aspects: First, focusing on some prominent problems in the past, "The Decision on Issues Concerning the Army's Political Work Under New Circumstances" was adopted. Efforts to this end include promoting the ideals, values and principles of the Party, establishing new political standards for military personnel, and fostering a culture that values political work ethics. Second, a meeting on Party building of the Central Military Commission was held, so as to enhance its political and theoretical buildup, consolidate organizations, improve conduct, and enforce discipline in the new era. Third, to meet the objective of building a strong military for a new era, great efforts are being made to cultivate officers and soldiers of the new era with faith, ability, courage and integrity, and build troops with iron-like faith, conviction, discipline and commitment.
环球时报记者：
Global Times:
有外媒报道，中央军委装备发展部原副部长钱卫平涉间谍案被捕。请问国防部能否给予证实并发表评论？
According to foreign media reports, Qian Weiping, the former vice head of the Equipment Development Department under the Central Military Commission (CMC) was arrested for alleged spying allegation. What is your comment on these reports?
吴谦：
Wu Qian:
我可以明确地告诉你，钱卫平涉间谍案问题不属实。经了解，钱卫平因涉嫌严重违纪和职务违法犯罪，被中央军委纪委监委立案审查调查。
I can tell you categorically that the spying allegation is false. As far as I know, Qian is now under investigation by the CMC's Discipline Inspection Commission for severe disciplinary violations and work-related crimes.
香港文汇报记者：
Wenhui Po:
我注意到白皮书第五章谈到国防开支，在第42页最后结尾的时候提到，中国国防开支与维护国家主权、安全、发展利益的保障需求相比，与履行大国国际责任义务的保障需求相比，与自身建设发展的保障需求相比，还有很大差距。请问怎么理解这句话？谢谢。
I noticed that the Fifth Chapter of the White Paper covers China's defense expenditure. At the conclusion on Page 42, it states: "There is still a wide gap between China's defense expenditure and the requirements for safeguarding national sovereignty, security and development interests, for fulfilling China's international responsibilities and obligations as a major country, and for China's development." Can you elaborate on this? Thank you.
王太国：
Wang Taiguo:
进入新时代，中国军队依据国家安全和发展战略需求，坚决履行党和人民赋予的使命任务，为巩固中国共产党领导和社会主义制度提供战略支撑，为捍卫国家主权、统一、领土完整提供战略支撑，为维护国家海外利益提供战略支撑，为促进世界和平与发展提供战略支撑。
In the new era, to meet the strategic demands of national security and development, the armed forces are required to firmly implement the missions and tasks entrusted by the CPC and the Chinese people. They are endeavoring to provide strategic support for consolidating the leadership of the CPC and the socialist system, safeguarding national sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity, protecting China's overseas interests, and promoting world peace and development.
然而，中国是世界上唯一尚未实现完全统一的大国，是世界上周边安全形势最为复杂的国家之一，中国军队在维护国家主权、领土完整、海洋权益等方面面临严峻挑战。
However, as the only major country yet to be completely reunified, and one of the countries with the most complex peripheral security environment, China faces serious challenges in safeguarding national sovereignty, territorial integrity, and maritime rights and interests.
当前，全球性问题和挑战持续增多，随着中国和中国军队的发展壮大，国际社会对中国军队提供国际公共安全产品的期待不断增大。中国军队积极履行国际责任，广泛参与维和、护航、灾难救援等行动，今后在这方面的投入会越来越大。
Nowadays, with increasing global issues and challenges, as well as the development of China and its armed forces, the international community has higher expectations in regard to the international public security goods provided by the Chinese military. Therefore, our armed forces will spend more in fulfilling their international responsibilities and obligations as well as in participating in peacekeeping operations, vessel protection operations and disaster relief.
同时，中国军队处于向信息化转型阶段，顺应世界新军事革命发展趋势，推进中国特色军事变革的任务艰巨繁重，可以说仍然任重道远。
At the same time, the armed forces are moving towards coping with the demands of the current informationization era, and shouldering arduous tasks in adapting to trends in worldwide RMA (Revolution in Military Affairs) and speeding up RMA with Chinese characteristics.
正因为如此，中国国防开支与维护国家主权、安全、发展利益的保障需求相比，与履行大国国际责任义务的保障需求相比，与自身建设发展的保障需求相比还有较大差距。中国国防开支将与国家经济发展水平相协调，继续保持适度稳定增长。
Therefore, there is still a wide gap between China's defense expenditure and the requirements for safeguarding national sovereignty, security and development interests, fulfilling our international responsibilities and obligations as a major country, and for the overall development of the country. China's defense expenditure will keep step with national economic development and maintain moderate and steady growth.
台湾中国时报记者：
The China Times:
白皮书第15页当中提到组织舰机绕岛巡航，我们知道，距离明年台湾举行2020年大选还有6个月的时间，解放军会加大军舰战机绕岛巡航的频率吗？台湾有舆论认为，解放军的动作越大，意味着大陆打压威胁台湾，这等于是在帮民进党的候选人助选，拉抬他们的选情。不知道大陆这边会怎么看？另外，日前大陆国防部在蔡英文出访期间发布消息，说解放军在东南沿海举行例行性军演，《环球时报》也引述知情人士说出动了5个军种参加联合演习，对台形成震慑力。请问演习相关情况。
Page 15 of the white paper mentioned "sailing ships and flying aircraft around Taiwan." We know that we are six months away from the 2020 leadership election in Taiwan next year. During that time, will the PLA increase the frequency of warships and aircraft sailing around the island? Some opinions in Taiwan believe that the greater the movement of the People's Liberation Army, the more it will mean that the mainland will suppress and threaten Taiwan -- which will help the Democratic Progressive Party candidates gain popularity in their elections. What is your comment on that? In addition, the mainland's Ministry of National Defense recently put out news during Tsai Ing-wen's foreign visits, saying that the PLA held a routine military exercise on the southeast coast. The Global Times also quoted sources familiar with the matter and said that five military service branches were involved in the joint exercise, which would form a deterrent force for Taiwan. Please tell us about the exercise.
吴谦：
Wu Qian:
确实如你所说，白皮书当中多处提到台湾，显示出台湾问题事关中国核心利益，具有极端的重要性。我们认为，骨肉天亲、血浓于水，我们愿以最大的诚意、尽最大的努力争取和平统一的前景。但是我们必须坚决指出，搞“台独”是死路一条。如果有人胆敢试图把台湾从中国分裂出去，中国军队必将不惜一战，坚决捍卫国家的主权统一和领土完整。
Indeed, as you said, many references about Taiwan in the white paper show that the Taiwan issue is of vital importance to China's core interests. We believe that the mainland and Taiwan share natural kinship, and that blood is thicker than the water. We are willing to strive for the prospect of peaceful reunification with the utmost sincerity and best efforts. However, we must resolutely point out that engaging in "Taiwan independence" is a dead end. If anyone dares to try to separate Taiwan from China, the Chinese army will certainly not hesitate to fight and resolutely defend the sovereign and territorial integrity of the country.
关于第二个问题问到东南沿海的演习，这个问题国防部已经发布了信息，在这里我没有需要补充的内容。
Regarding the second question about the exercise on the southeast coast, the Ministry of National Defense has released information on this issue, and I have nothing to add here.
中国新闻社记者：
China News Service:
白皮书中提到，新时代中国国防的战略指导是贯彻落实新时代军事战略方针。这个新时代军事战略方针有没有进一步的内容可以披露和介绍的？谢谢。
The white paper mentions that the strategic guidance for China's national defense in the new era is to implement the military strategic guideline for a new era. Could you further introduce the strategic guideline? Thank you.
蔡志军：
Cai Zhijun:
谢谢您的提问。新中国成立以来，我军继承积极防御战略思想和战略传统，先后对军事战略方针进行了八次重大调整，平均8至10年调整一次，每次对军事战略方针作出重大调整主要基于三个方面因素：一是党的战略思想和军事政策是制定和调整军事战略方针的根本指导；二是国际战略格局重大变化及对国家安全环境的影响，是制定和调整军队战略方针的客观依据；三是科学技术的发展进步，引发军事领域的深刻变革，特别是战争形态的演变，是制定和调整军事战略方针的主要动因。
Thank you for your question. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the PLA has inherited the strategic concept and tradition of active defense and made eight major adjustments to the military strategic guideline, on average once every eight to ten years. Every adjustment was made in accordance with three principles: first, the strategic concept and military policies of the CPC are the fundamental guidance for formulating and adjusting military strategy; second, the profound changes of the international strategic landscape and its impact on national security environment are the objective reference; and third, the profound changes in military regard resulted from scientific and technological progress, especially the evolving form of war, are the motivation.
这次制定出台新时代军事战略方针是习近平主席把握时代发展大势，总揽国家安全全局，创新军事战略指导作出的重大决策，是推动全面建成世界一流军队，支撑实现中华民族伟大复兴的战略之举。出台这一方针的形势背景主要有四个方面：一是党的创新理论不断丰富发展。党的十九大将习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想，习近平强军思想确立为全党全军的指导思想，要求与时俱进，创新军事战略指导。二是国家发展确立新的战略目标。党的十九大明确，新的“三步走”发展蓝图赋予军队新时代使命任务，提出全面建成世界一流军队的宏伟目标，要求军事战略指导跟上强国强军的步伐。三是国际战略形势发生深刻复杂变化。当今世界正面临百年未有之大变局，必然带来百年未有之不确定性因素，国家安全可预测和不可预测的风险挑战增多，要求军事战略指导适应国家安全和发展需求。四是军队改革实现了历史性革命性重塑。按照“军委管总、战区主战、军种主建”新格局，组建了五大战区，新的军种和部队，对军事力量运用和建设提出了新的指导要求。
The military strategic guideline for a new era is an important decision made by President Xi Jinping after tapping into the prevailing trend of development, with an overall vision on national security and innovation on military strategic guidance. The guideline is introduced in the following contexts:
First, the Party's new theories have been constantly enriched and developed. The 19th CPC National Congress established Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and Xi Jinping's thinking on strengthening the military as the guiding ideology of the Party and the military, requiring us to advance with the times and innovate the strategic guidance.
Second, there are new strategic goals for national development. The 19th CPC National Congress mapped out the new "three-step" development blueprint, which entrusts the military with missions and tasks for the new era, and put forward the ambitious goal of transforming our people's armed forces into world-class forces in all respects, which demands the strategic guidance to meet the requirements of building a strong country with a strong military.
Third, the international strategic landscape has undergone profound and complicated changes. We live in a world of profound changes unseen in a century, where uncertainties unseen in a century inevitably exist. Increasing risks and challenges, both predictable and unpredictable, require the strategic guidance to better respond to national security and development demands.
Fourth, reforms of the armed forces have realized a historic and revolutionary restructuring. Adhering to the general principle of "the CMC exercising overall leadership, the TCs responsible for military operations and the services focusing on developing capabilities," we established five theater commands, new services and units. This has put forward new requirements for the strategic guidance in regard to the building and employment of military forces.
新时代军事战略方针，坚持走和平发展道路，坚持奉行防御性国防政策，坚持永不称霸、永不扩张、永不谋求势力范围，坚持积极防御军事战略，坚持走中国特色强军之路，是全面贯彻党的十九大精神，全面贯彻习近平强军思想，指导新时代军事力量运用与建设的方针。这一方针它承载着历史使命有四个方面：一是确立军事战略根本指导，将习近平军事战略思想确立为新时代军事战略指导思想作为魂和纲，真正立起来、落下去。二是服从服务于国家发展需要，围绕有效履行新时代军队使命任务，深入研究回答国家由大向强发展关键阶段一系列重大战略课题。三是加强军事战略的整体运筹。站在政治和全局的高度，立足当前、着眼发展，扭住战略枢纽，创新战略指导。四是强化备战打仗鲜明导向。作为战争方略，推动一切工作向备战打仗聚焦，引领备战打仗工作实现大的加强。谢谢。
By implementing the military strategic guideline for a new era, China will remain committed to peaceful development and pursue a defensive national defense policy, never seeking hegemony, expansion or spheres of influence, sticking to the strategic concept of active defense and continuing to strengthen the military in the Chinese way. The guideline fully put into effect the guiding principles of the 19th CPC National Congress as well as Xi Jinping's thinking on strengthening the military. As a guideline for the building and employment of military forces in the new era, it bears four historic missions:
First, it has established the fundamental guidance for military strategy. It established Xi Jinping's thinking on strengthening the military as the military strategic guidance for a new era, and fully implements it as faith and principle.
Second, it is subordinate to and in the service of national development. Focusing on effectively fulfilling the military's tasks and missions in the new era, it, through in-depth study, gives answers to a string of major strategic issues concerning the critical juncture of China's development.
Third, it has enhanced the holistic planning of the military strategy. It takes a political and comprehensive perspective, basing in the present while looking ahead to the development, seizing the strategic key point, so as to innovate the strategic guidance.
Fourth, it has stressed the focus on enhancing military preparedness and combat capabilities. It has prompted all work serving the aim of strengthening military preparedness and enhancing combat capabilities and made significant achievements in this regard. Thank you.
胡凯红：
Hu Kaihong:
时间关系，最后两个提问。
The last two questions please, due to time considerations.
纽约时报记者：
New York Times:
In the white paper you refer to, seeking partnerships rather than alliances, and you already mentioned the joint patrol yesterday with Russia. Do you anticipate more or deepening operations with Russia or any other countries? And related to that, there were reports this week of China seeking a basing arrangement with its neighbor forces in Cambodia, do you also see and anticipate additional efforts to establish operating bases or arrangements with other countries in other parts of world? Thank you very much.
我想问两个问题：第一，白皮书指出，中国致力于结伴而不是结盟，但是之前也提到，昨天中国军队和俄罗斯军队进行联合巡航，今后中国会不会继续与俄罗斯以及其他国家执行类似联合巡航的任务呢？第二，本周有报道指出，中国要在柬埔寨建立军事基地，今后中国会不会在柬埔寨以及其他国家也建立军事基地呢？
吴谦：
Wu Qian:
你刚才的问题当中包含几个小问题，我一一作答。
Your questions comprise several specific points, to which I'll respond one by one.
第一，关于中国的对外军事关系，中国积极发展对外建设性军事关系，形成全方位、宽领域、多层次的军事外交新格局。我们致力于对话不对抗、结伴不结盟，你在问题当中提到，中俄是否会继续举行此类联合战略巡航行动，今后中俄两军将协商确定各类务实性合作项目。大家都知道，随着中俄两国关系进入新时代，中俄两军关系也进入新时代，在两国元首的战略引领下，中俄两军将把新时代中俄军事关系不断推向新的历史高度。双方将加大在涉及彼此核心利益问题上相互支持的力度，完善各层次各领域交流合作机制，在高层交往、战略性合作、实战化训练、装备技术发展、反恐等领域深入合作，持续为维护世界和平、全球战略稳定提供正能量。
First, it concerns foreign military relations. China actively develops constructive relationships with foreign military forces. A new configuration of foreign military relationships that is all-dimensional, wide-ranging and multi-tiered is taking shape. However, what we are engaged in are dialogues rather than confrontations, and partnerships rather than alliances. Regarding your questions about whether China and Russia will continue to hold joint aerial patrol, this will depend on the negotiations and decisions reached between the two sides on pragmatic cooperative programs. As we all know, the military relationship between China and Russia, following the epochal bilateral ties, is entering a new era. Under the strategic blueprint charted by the two State leaders, the bilateral military relationship is expected to achieve historical peaks one after another. The two countries will support each other's core interests, improve cooperative institutions on multi-tiered levels and expand cooperation in high-level exchanges, strategic partnership, military training, equipment technology and counter-terrorism. In doing so, we are positively acting to fulfill our duties to safeguard global peace and strategic stability.
你还提到了所谓中国在柬建军事基地的问题，这个问题之前相关部门已经辟过谣，这个说法是不属实的。中柬两军一直以来在军事训练、人员培训、后勤装备等方面开展着良好的交流合作，这种合作不针对第三方。
In addition, you asked about the so-called military base arrangement in Cambodia. Our relevant administrations have already clearly stated that this is nothing but rumors. Although the two countries have maintained good cooperation through exchanges in military exercises, personnel training, logistical services and equipment development, our partnership targets no third party.
胡凯红：
Hu Kaihong:
最后一个提问。
The last question.
香港NOW宽频电视记者：
Now TV (Hong Kong):
香港最近发生了那么多的冲突和示威，请问国防部如何研判香港的形势。还有，现在会不会
There have been so many conflicts and demonstrations in Hong Kong recently. How did the Ministry of National Defense evaluate and judge the situation there? Also, do you feel that some "Hong Kong independence" forces are also on the rise, and, if so, how will the Ministry of National Defense handle this?
觉得有一些“港独”势力也在抬头，国防部会如何处理这件事？
吴谦：
Wu Qian:
近一段时间以来，我们密切关注香港形势的发展，特别是对21日发生的示威游行及暴力事件以及激进分子冲击中联办的事件，对此港澳办已经作出了回应。部分激进示威者的行为挑战中央政府的权威，触碰“一国两制”的原则底线，是绝对不能容忍的。东方之珠不容玷污。关于你提的具体问题，驻军法第3章第14条已有明确规定。
In recent weeks, we have closely followed development of the situation in Hong Kong, especially the demonstrations and violent incidents on July 21, as well as the incident in which radical demonstrators violently besieged and stormed the Liaison Office of the Central People's Government in the HKSAR. The Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office of the State Council has already responded to this. The behaviors of some radical demonstrators have blatantly challenged the authority of the central government and touched the bottom line of the principle of "one country, two systems." Such behaviors are absolutely intolerable. "The Pearl of the Orient", Hong Kong, is not to be tarnished. Regarding the specific question you raised, the answer is that Article 14 of Chapter 3 of the HKSAR Garrison Law of the People's Republic of China has specific provisions in this regard.
胡凯红：
Hu Kaihong:
今天发布会到此结束。谢谢各位。
This concludes the press conference today. Thank you all.
来源：天之聪口译
