《人民日报》记者：去年以来，一些企业存在裁员的情况，有的内外资企业开始向境外转移。
People’s Daily: Last year, some companies have started to trim staff. Some Chinese and foreign-invested firms have started to relocate their businesses overseas.
同时也有一些企业反映，他们想招一些合适的技术工人却很难。
We have also heard complaints by companies about a shortage of skilled workers.
政府将采取哪些政策措施来推动这些问题的解决？
My question is: what measures will the government adopt to resolve these problems?
李克强：在中国现代化进程中，就业会始终是一个巨大的压力。
Premier Li: Indeed, in China’s modernization process, there will always be tremendous employment pressure.
我们每年城镇需就业的新增劳动力1500多万，未来几年不会减，而且还要给几百万新进城农民工提供打工的机会。
In recent years, on average, some 15 million new entrants entered the labor force each year, and that number will not decrease in the foreseeable future. In addition, we also need to provide job opportunities for several million rural migrant workers every year.
今年我们确定要确保新增城镇就业人数在1100万人以上，并要力争实现去年的实际规模，也就是1300万人以上的就业。
This year we plan to create another 11 million or more new urban jobs. And in actual practice, our goal is to generate the same amount of job opportunities as we did last year, that is, over 13 million.
所以，我们把就业优先的政策首次和财政政策、货币政策并列为宏观政策。
You may have also noticed, this year for the first time, we are elevating the status of jobs-first policy to a macro policy together with our fiscal policy and monetary policy.
财政和货币政策不管是减税、还是降低实际利率水平等，在很大程度上都是围绕着就业来进行的。
The tax cuts under the fiscal policy as well as cutting real interest rates under the monetary policy are all designed to ensure employment in our country.
有了就业，才会有收入，才会有社会财富的创造。
When there is a job, there is income and there is increase in social wealth.
我们说保持经济运行在合理区间，首先是要保就业，不让经济滑出合理区间，就是不能出现“失业潮”。
Keeping our major economic indicators within a proper range is first and foremost about ensuring employment and preventing a surge in unemployment.
我们要多措并举，对一些重点人群要继续努力保障他们就业，像大学毕业生、复转军人、转岗职工等。
To do that, we will apply a combination of measures including promoting employment for key groups of people like college graduates, demobilized military personnel and laid-off workers.
今年的高校毕业生又达834万，比去年还多，创历史新高。
This year, the number of college graduates will reach another new high—8.34 million.
我们还要确保不出现零就业家庭，对那些吸纳劳动力比较多的企业要给政策优惠支持。
We also need to make sure there will be no zero employment families. For those companies that hire more, the government will provide more policy support.
我们还要推动创新创业创造，用好大众创业、万众创新平台，提供更多的就业岗位。
In the meantime, we will expand the platforms to encourage business start-ups and innovation as a way to generate more jobs.
就业好不好，这本身也是经济好不好的一个重要体现。
The state of employment very much reflects how our economy is faring.
政府工作报告主要讲了保障城镇新增就业，这里我想特别强调一下农民工就业。
The government work report touched mainly upon creating new urban jobs. Here I would like to make a special mention of our rural migrant workers which are now numbered at above 280 million.
中国现在有2.8亿多农民工，而且每年是以百万计的数量在增长。
And that figure is still increasing by several million each year.
他们是许多产业行业的主力军，农民的收入大部分来自于打工收入。
These rural migrant workers are a leading force in many industries and sectors of our country.
农民工的身后可以说有无数家庭的期待。
Much of their earnings come from non-farming jobs, and they carry the hopes of a lot of families.
讲到这里，我就想起几年前到我国东北一个中型城市的建设枢纽工地上去考察，有一个印象至今挥之不去。
One thing I can never forget is that several years ago, I was visiting the construction site of a local transportation project in a mid-sized northeastern city, where I met some rural migrant workers.
在寒冷的天气里农民工在施工，其中有一位农民工跟我岁数差不多大，我和他对话，他就希望一条：多加班，多挣钱。
It was a cold winter day, and I talked to one of the workers who was about my age on the construction site. He said to me that he wanted to work longer hours so that he could earn more money.
我说为什么？他说他的一个孩子考上了重点大学，他要挣钱使孩子安心学习，并且学习好。
I asked him why. He said that his child was just enrolled into a leading university and he wanted to earn more so that his child won’t have to worry about the college tuition fees and can focus on his studies.
我从他的眼神里看到他对下一代、对未来的期待。
In his eyes I saw his hopes for a better future for his children.
我们中华民族几千年生生不息，这40年来有如此巨大变化，教育的确起了巨大支撑作用。
Indeed, education has been an important underpinning force that keeps the Chinese nation going for several thousand years. That has made it possible for us to come this far in the past 40 years of reform and opening up.
所以我们要善待农民工，不仅要给他们提供打工的机会，而且要保障他们应有的所得。
These rural migrant workers must be treated with kindness. And we must ensure that they will not only find jobs but also get paid for their work.
现在不时发生农民工被欠薪的问题，我们要立法规，坚决打击那些恶意欠薪的行为，确保农民工打工有机会，而且合法权益得到保障，要看到他们是无数家庭的希望。
There have been instances where their wages cannot be paid in full and on time. The government will formulate regulations to crack down on such malpractices to ensure that the lawful rights and interests of all rural migrant workers will be fully protected. The government must not fail the hope of all their families.
来源：译路通 日期：2019年3月18日
